SQL触发器:当改变(增、删、改)数据表的记录时,绑定在SQL语句(增、删、改)中的触发器能够触发某些事件或者函数,所以我们可以在触发器中编写一些处理语句。
比如,当我们删除新闻类别的时候,由于外键的原因,我们无法删除新闻类别下有新闻内容的记录,但是通过,我们就可以实现。
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
delete from category where id=5 --sql删除语句 create trigger trigcategorydelete --当执行sql删除语句时,执行触发器 on category after delete as begin delete news where caId=( id from deleted) --删除对应新闻类别的新闻内容 end |
照一般的思维,这样就可以同时删除新闻类别和其下的新闻内容,但是这样执行却不成功。是因为关键字AFTER,AFTER表示在执行SQL删除语句后,再执行触发器里的语句。这样一来,顺序同样是先删除新闻再删除新闻内容,肯定不成功。
改变关键字after为instead of
instead of,表示代替delete操作,而没有真正delete from category where id=5,当category表的删除时,同时触发了trigcategorydelete触发器,但是由于有instead of关键字,所以本身并不执行删除操作,而是执行触发器里的sql语句,从而可以替代之前的SQL语句。比如:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
create trigger trigcategorydelete on category instead of delete as begin declare @id int --定义一个变量id select @id=id from deleted --从deleted临时表中,赋值id给变量@id delete news where caId=@id --先删除该类别下的所有新闻 delete category where id=@id --然后删除新闻类别 end |
当我们执行 delete from category where id=5时,id=5的类别并没有真正删除,而是转而执行触发器里面的SQL语句
关于deleted表:
Deleted表用于存储 DELETE 和 UPDATE 语句所影响的行的复本。在执行 DELETE 或 UPDATE语句时,行从触发器表中删除,并传输到deleted表中。Deleted表和触发器表通常没有相同的行。(//最后一句不是怎么明白啊?) by google
删除一条记录时候,他会把删除的这条记录放在一张临时表里,当你对category表进行删除时,在SQL返回的结果消息里面会提示出你删除的记录

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