在 SQL 中,可使用以下通配符:通配符 描述 % 替代一个或多个字符 _ 仅替代一个字符 [charlist] 字符列中的任何单一字符 [^charlist]或者[!charlist] 不在字
LIKE 操作符用于在 WHERE 子句中搜索列中的指定模式。
LIKE 操作符
LIKE 操作符用于在 WHERE 子句中搜索列中的指定模式。
SQL LIKE 操作符语法
SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE column_name LIKE pattern原始的表 (用在例子中的):
Persons 表:
Id LastName FirstName Address City
1 Adams John Oxford Street London
2 Bush George Fifth Avenue New York
3 Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing
LIKE 操作符实例
例子 1
现在,我们希望从上面的 "Persons" 表中选取居住在以 "N" 开始的城市里的人:
我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:
SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE City LIKE 'N%'提示:"%" 可用于定义通配符(模式中缺少的字母)。
结果集:
Id LastName FirstName Address City
2 Bush George Fifth Avenue New York
例子 2
接下来,我们希望从 "Persons" 表中选取居住在以 "g" 结尾的城市里的人:
我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:
SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE City LIKE '%g'结果集:
Id LastName FirstName Address City
3 Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing
例子 3
接下来,我们希望从 "Persons" 表中选取居住在包含 "lon" 的城市里的人:
我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:
SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE City LIKE '%lon%'结果集:
Id LastName FirstName Address City
1 Adams John Oxford Street London
例子 4
通过使用 NOT 关键字,我们可以从 "Persons" 表中选取居住在不包含 "lon" 的城市里的人:
我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:
SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE City NOT LIKE '%lon%'结果集:
Id LastName FirstName Address City
2 Bush George Fifth Avenue New York
3 Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing
LIKE 操作符
LIKE 操作符用于在 WHERE 子句中搜索列中的指定模式。
SQL LIKE 操作符语法
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE pattern提示:"%" 可用于定义通配符(模式中缺少的字母)。
在搜索中的数据时,您可以使用 SQL 通配符。
SQL 通配符
在搜索数据库中的数据时,SQL 通配符可以替代一个或多个字符。
SQL 通配符必须与 LIKE 运算符一起使用。
在 SQL 中,可使用以下通配符:
通配符 描述 % 替代一个或多个字符 _ 仅替代一个字符 [charlist] 字符列中的任何单一字符 [^charlist]或者[!charlist] 不在字
LIKE 操作符用于在 WHERE 子句中搜索列中的指定模式。
LIKE 操作符
LIKE 操作符用于在 WHERE 子句中搜索列中的指定模式。
SQL LIKE 操作符语法
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE pattern
原始的表 (用在例子中的):
Persons 表: Id LastName FirstName Address City
1 Adams John Oxford Street London
2 Bush George Fifth Avenue New York
3 Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing
LIKE 操作符实例
例子 1
现在,我们希望从上面的 "Persons" 表中选取居住在以 "N" 开始的城市里的人: 我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句: SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE City LIKE 'N%'
提示: "%" 可用于定义通配符(模式中缺少的字母)。
结果集:
Id LastName FirstName Address City
2 Bush George Fifth Avenue New York
例子 2
接下来,我们希望从 "Persons" 表中选取居住在以 "g" 结尾的城市里的人:
我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:
SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE City LIKE '%g'
结果集:
Id LastName FirstName Address City
3 Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing

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ChooseCHARforfixed-lengthdata,VARCHARforvariable-lengthdata,andTEXTforlargetextfields.1)CHARisefficientforconsistent-lengthdatalikecodes.2)VARCHARsuitsvariable-lengthdatalikenames,balancingflexibilityandperformance.3)TEXTisidealforlargetextslikeartic

Best practices for handling string data types and indexes in MySQL include: 1) Selecting the appropriate string type, such as CHAR for fixed length, VARCHAR for variable length, and TEXT for large text; 2) Be cautious in indexing, avoid over-indexing, and create indexes for common queries; 3) Use prefix indexes and full-text indexes to optimize long string searches; 4) Regularly monitor and optimize indexes to keep indexes small and efficient. Through these methods, we can balance read and write performance and improve database efficiency.


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