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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialORACLE的数据字典用途实例

ORACLE的数据字典是的重要组成部分之一,它随着数据库的产生而产生, 随着数据库的变化而变化,

  体现为sys用户下的一些表和视图。数据字典名称是大写的英文字符。

  数据字典里存有用户信息、用户的权限信息、所有数据对象信息、表的约束条件、统计分析数据库的视图等。

  我们不能手工修改数据字典里的信息。

  很多时候,一般的ORACLE用户不知道如何有效地利用它。

  dictionary   全部数据字典表的名称和解释,它有一个同义词dict

  dict_column   全部数据字典表里字段名称和解释

  如果我们想查询跟索引有关的数据字典时,可以用下面这条SQL语句:

  SQL>select * from dictionary where instr(comments,'index')>0;

  如果我们想知道user_indexes表各字段名称的详细含义,可以用下面这条SQL语句:

  SQL>select column_name,comments from dict_columns where table_name='USER_INDEXES';

  依此类推,就可以轻松知道数据字典的详细名称和解释,不用查看ORACLE的其它文档资料了。

  下面按类别列出一些ORACLE用户常用数据字典的查询使用方法。

  一、用户

  查看当前用户的缺省表空间

  SQL>select username,default_tablespace from user_users;

  查看当前用户的角色

  SQL>select * from user_role_privs;

  查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限

  SQL>select * from user_sys_privs;

  SQL>select * from user_tab_privs;

  二、表

  查看用户下所有的表

  SQL>select * from user_tables;

  查看名称包含log字符的表

  SQL>select object_name,object_id from user_objects

  where instr(object_name,'LOG')>0;

  查看某表的创建时间

  SQL>select object_name,created from user_objects where object_name=upper('&table_name');

  查看某表的大小

  SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments

  where segment_name=upper('&table_name');

  查看放在ORACLE的内存区里的表

  SQL>select table_name,cache from user_tables where instr(cache,'Y')>0;

  三、索引

  查看索引个数和类别

  SQL>select index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes order by table_name;

  查看索引被索引的字段

  SQL>select * from user_ind_columns where index_name=upper('&index_name');

  查看索引的大小

  SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments

  where segment_name=upper('&index_name');

  四、序列号

  查看序列号,last_number是当前值

  SQL>select * from user_sequences;

  五、视图

  查看视图的名称

  SQL>select view_name from user_views;

  查看创建视图的select语句

  SQL>set view_name,text_length from user_views;

  SQL>set long 2000; 说明:可以根据视图的text_length值设定set long 的大小

  SQL>select text from user_views where view_name=upper('&view_name');

  六、同义词

  查看同义词的名称

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