打开mysql主页,满篇介绍mysql5.6版本有多好,多牛。后来浏览了5.6的更新说明,说是强化了replication,还有人测试开启replication对性能影响不大,不像以前,影
打开mysql主页,满篇介绍mysql5.6版本有多好,多牛。后来浏览了5.6的更新说明,说是强化了replication,还有人测试开启replication对性能影响不大,不像以前,影响性能明显。反而性能更好?那个叫mysql中国的网站测试说的。官网有说多线程啥的进行复制,好吧。我信了。
但是安装网上老的配置方法配置主从模式失败,服务器空间,服务起不来,说找不到pid什么文件,错误已经忘啦~~不好意思。
于是乎,在官方下载最新的安装文档...全英文...一口一口的啃。
终于在1个小时前配置好了,是双主互备模式。master==master.
整理下配置方法。
安装mysql5.6.9(源码下载那个网站没有提供最新的5.6.10版本,而我又不想装RPM包,你懂的)。安装在这里略过,只要看解压后里面的INSTALL文件安装提示来就可以了。
我把mysql安装到了/usr/local/mysql目录,装完之后,有个my.cnf在/usr/local/mysql目录下面。
这个就是配置文件了,打开一看,里面就有一行...
-----------------下面我们开始配置-------------
两台服务器:mysql-m1 192.168.0.140
mysql-m2 192.168.0.141
打开mysql-m1的my.cnf文件,添加如下代码:
binlog-format=ROW
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on # GTID only
enforce-gtid-consistency=true # GTID only
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=2
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=1
report-port=3306
port=3306
log-bin=binlog
report-host=192.168.0.140
肯定有人好奇,为啥要加这些代码?
好吧,我也不知道,官方就这么说的。(开玩笑了)。我把个个参数的意思原汁原味的写出来:
• binlog-format: row-based replication is selected in order to test all of the MySQL 5.6
optimisations
• log-slave-updates, gtid-mode, enforce-gtid-consistency, report-port and
report-host: used to enable Global Transaction IDs and meet the associated prerequisites
• master-info-repository and relay-log-info-repository: are turned on to enable
the crash-safe binlog/slave functionality (storing the information in transactional tables rather
than flat files)
• sync-master-info: set to 1 to ensure that no information is lost
• slave-parallel-workers: sets the number of parallel threads to be used for applying
received replication events when this server acts as a slave. A value of 0 would turn off the
multithreaded slave functionality; if the machine has a lot of cores and you are using many
databases within the server then you may want to increase this value in order to better exploit
multi-threaded replication
• binlog-checksum, master-verify-checksum and slave-sql-verify-checksum:
used to enable all of the replication checksum checks
• binlog-rows-query-log-events: enables informational log events (specifically, the
original SQL query) in the binary log when using row-based replication – this makes
troubleshooting simpler
• log-bin: The server cannot act as a replication master unless binary logging is enabled. If
you wish to enable a slave to assume the role of master at some point in the future (i.e. in the
event of a failover or switchover), you also need to configure binary logging. Binary logging
must also be enabled on the slave(s) when using Global Transaction IDs.
• server-id: The server_id variable must be unique amongst all servers in the replication
topology and is represented by a positive integer value from 1 to 2
32
好了,上面的参数都知道什么意思了吧。
接下来,我们同样设置第二台服务器:
binlog-format=ROW
log-slave-updates=true
gtid-mode=on # GTID only
enforce-gtid-consistency=true # GTID only
master-info-repository=TABLE
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
sync-master-info=1
slave-parallel-workers=2
binlog-checksum=CRC32
master-verify-checksum=1
slave-sql-verify-checksum=1
binlog-rows-query-log_events=1
server-id=2
report-port=3306
port=3306
log-bin=binlog
report-host=192.168.0.141
注意,server-id=2,另外,report-host也改下。
这两个配置文件改好之后重启服务器。
重启完服务器之后,登录第二台服务器mysql-m2
登录mysql
mysql -u root -p
输入完用户名和密码之后:
> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=192.168.0.140, MASTER_USER='repl_user',
MASTER_PASSWORD='billy';
> START SLAVE;
这样主从模式就做好了主-----》从
-----------------------------------
我们在第一台服务器上设置可远程登录账户:
先登录mysql服务器:
>Grant all privileges on *.* to 'admin'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
红色字体分别为账户和密码。
同样的,第二台服务器也这么操作。
然后,我们在主服务器(mysql-m1)的test数据库下面建立一个表测试同步情况:
登录mysql服务器:mysql -u root -p
>use test;(装好后,mysql默认自带)。
>create table abc(a int,b int,c int);
创建好后插入数据。
>insert into abc values(1,2,3);
多执行几次
然后select * from abc;
查看数据插入进去了没有。(我后面有自己插入了几行)。
mysql> select * from acc;
+------+------+------+
| a | b | c |
+------+------+------+
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 2 | 2 | 2 |
+------+------+------+
登录mysql-m2,查看是否有数据同步过来。
同步过来了就是ok的了。
-------------------------------------
官方的文档只说了主从模式,我查了一下,要做双主模式,必须开启log-slave-updates=true这个选项。
我看了看两台服务器的配置文件都有这个。
然后呢,我自己试了一下。
登录主服务器---mysql-m1
登录mysql ----mysql -u root -p
输入密码
执行:
> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=192.168.0.141, MASTER_USER='admin',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456';
> START SLAVE;
没想到,真的就可以,没报错。
>show slave status\G;
两台服务器都能查询出来信息。
===================总结=================
官方这个文档我是明白了。
它让每个slave都有当master的机会,如果一个master宕机了,
执行:
> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=192.168.0.*, MASTER_USER='repl_user',
MASTER_PASSWORD='billy';
> START SLAVE;
这个操作,只要换个IP地址,可以把任何一台从机变成主机,当主机启动之后,再执行:
> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=192.168.0.MASTER_IP, MASTER_USER='repl_user',
MASTER_PASSWORD='billy';
> START SLAVE;
这样主从切换来回自如。
不过,香港虚拟主机,我真的不知道类似于heartbeat的功能有木有~~~~我不像业务中断,香港虚拟主机,难道要在master上面做heartbeat?
本文出自 “勇攀高峰” 博客,谢绝转载!

TograntpermissionstonewMySQLusers,followthesesteps:1)AccessMySQLasauserwithsufficientprivileges,2)CreateanewuserwiththeCREATEUSERcommand,3)UsetheGRANTcommandtospecifypermissionslikeSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,orALLPRIVILEGESonspecificdatabasesortables,and4)

ToaddusersinMySQLeffectivelyandsecurely,followthesesteps:1)UsetheCREATEUSERstatementtoaddanewuser,specifyingthehostandastrongpassword.2)GrantnecessaryprivilegesusingtheGRANTstatement,adheringtotheprincipleofleastprivilege.3)Implementsecuritymeasuresl

ToaddanewuserwithcomplexpermissionsinMySQL,followthesesteps:1)CreatetheuserwithCREATEUSER'newuser'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'password';.2)Grantreadaccesstoalltablesin'mydatabase'withGRANTSELECTONmydatabase.TO'newuser'@'localhost';.3)Grantwriteaccessto'

The string data types in MySQL include CHAR, VARCHAR, BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB, and TEXT. The collations determine the comparison and sorting of strings. 1.CHAR is suitable for fixed-length strings, VARCHAR is suitable for variable-length strings. 2.BINARY and VARBINARY are used for binary data, and BLOB and TEXT are used for large object data. 3. Sorting rules such as utf8mb4_unicode_ci ignores upper and lower case and is suitable for user names; utf8mb4_bin is case sensitive and is suitable for fields that require precise comparison.

The best MySQLVARCHAR column length selection should be based on data analysis, consider future growth, evaluate performance impacts, and character set requirements. 1) Analyze the data to determine typical lengths; 2) Reserve future expansion space; 3) Pay attention to the impact of large lengths on performance; 4) Consider the impact of character sets on storage. Through these steps, the efficiency and scalability of the database can be optimized.

MySQLBLOBshavelimits:TINYBLOB(255bytes),BLOB(65,535bytes),MEDIUMBLOB(16,777,215bytes),andLONGBLOB(4,294,967,295bytes).TouseBLOBseffectively:1)ConsiderperformanceimpactsandstorelargeBLOBsexternally;2)Managebackupsandreplicationcarefully;3)Usepathsinst

The best tools and technologies for automating the creation of users in MySQL include: 1. MySQLWorkbench, suitable for small to medium-sized environments, easy to use but high resource consumption; 2. Ansible, suitable for multi-server environments, simple but steep learning curve; 3. Custom Python scripts, flexible but need to ensure script security; 4. Puppet and Chef, suitable for large-scale environments, complex but scalable. Scale, learning curve and integration needs should be considered when choosing.

Yes,youcansearchinsideaBLOBinMySQLusingspecifictechniques.1)ConverttheBLOBtoaUTF-8stringwithCONVERTfunctionandsearchusingLIKE.2)ForcompressedBLOBs,useUNCOMPRESSbeforeconversion.3)Considerperformanceimpactsanddataencoding.4)Forcomplexdata,externalproc


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

MantisBT
Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

Atom editor mac version download
The most popular open source editor

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows
This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.

Dreamweaver Mac version
Visual web development tools

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment
