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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial MySQL 5.6 Replication

打开mysql主页,满篇介绍mysql5.6版本有多好,多牛。后来浏览了5.6的更新说明,说是强化了replication,还有人测试开启replication对性能影响不大,不像以前,影

   打开mysql主页,满篇介绍mysql5.6版本有多好,多牛。后来浏览了5.6的更新说明,说是强化了replication,还有人测试开启replication对性能影响不大,不像以前,影响性能明显。反而性能更好?那个叫mysql中国的网站测试说的。官网有说多线程啥的进行复制,好吧。我信了。

   但是安装网上老的配置方法配置主从模式失败,服务器空间,服务起不来,说找不到pid什么文件,错误已经忘啦~~不好意思。

   于是乎,在官方下载最新的安装文档...全英文...一口一口的啃。

   终于在1个小时前配置好了,是双主互备模式。master==master.


   整理下配置方法。


   安装mysql5.6.9(源码下载那个网站没有提供最新的5.6.10版本,而我又不想装RPM包,你懂的)。安装在这里略过,只要看解压后里面的INSTALL文件安装提示来就可以了。


   我把mysql安装到了/usr/local/mysql目录,装完之后,有个my.cnf在/usr/local/mysql目录下面。


   这个就是配置文件了,打开一看,里面就有一行...


-----------------下面我们开始配置-------------


   两台服务器:mysql-m1    192.168.0.140

              mysql-m2    192.168.0.141



   打开mysql-m1的my.cnf文件,添加如下代码:


binlog-format=ROW

   log-slave-updates=true

   gtid-mode=on        # GTID only

   enforce-gtid-consistency=true   # GTID only

   master-info-repository=TABLE

   relay-log-info-repository=TABLE

   sync-master-info=1

   slave-parallel-workers=2

   binlog-checksum=CRC32

   master-verify-checksum=1

   slave-sql-verify-checksum=1

   binlog-rows-query-log_events=1

server-id=1

   report-port=3306

   port=3306

   log-bin=binlog

   report-host=192.168.0.140


肯定有人好奇,为啥要加这些代码?

好吧,我也不知道,官方就这么说的。(开玩笑了)。我把个个参数的意思原汁原味的写出来:

•  binlog-format: row-based replication is selected in order to test all of the MySQL 5.6

optimisations

•  log-slave-updates, gtid-mode, enforce-gtid-consistency, report-port and

report-host: used to enable Global Transaction IDs and meet the associated prerequisites

•  master-info-repository and relay-log-info-repository: are turned on to enable

the crash-safe binlog/slave functionality (storing the information in transactional tables rather

than flat files)

•  sync-master-info: set to 1 to ensure that no information is lost

•  slave-parallel-workers: sets the number of parallel threads to be used for applying

received replication events when this server acts as a slave. A value of 0 would turn off the

multithreaded slave functionality; if the machine has a lot of cores and you are using many

databases within the server then you may want to increase this value in order to better exploit

multi-threaded replication

•  binlog-checksum,  master-verify-checksum  and slave-sql-verify-checksum:

used to enable all of the replication checksum checks

•  binlog-rows-query-log-events: enables informational log events (specifically, the

original SQL query) in the binary log when using row-based replication –  this  makes

troubleshooting simpler

•  log-bin: The server cannot act as a replication master unless binary logging is enabled. If

you wish to enable a slave to assume the role of master at some point in the future (i.e. in the

event of a failover or switchover), you also need to configure binary logging. Binary logging

must also be enabled on the slave(s) when using Global Transaction IDs.

•  server-id: The server_id variable must be unique amongst all servers in the replication

topology and is represented by a positive integer value from 1 to 2

32


好了,上面的参数都知道什么意思了吧。


接下来,我们同样设置第二台服务器:


binlog-format=ROW

log-slave-updates=true

gtid-mode=on        # GTID only

enforce-gtid-consistency=true   # GTID only

master-info-repository=TABLE

relay-log-info-repository=TABLE

sync-master-info=1

slave-parallel-workers=2

binlog-checksum=CRC32

master-verify-checksum=1

slave-sql-verify-checksum=1

binlog-rows-query-log_events=1

server-id=2

report-port=3306

port=3306

log-bin=binlog

report-host=192.168.0.141

注意,server-id=2,另外,report-host也改下。


这两个配置文件改好之后重启服务器。


重启完服务器之后,登录第二台服务器mysql-m2

登录mysql

mysql -u root -p


输入完用户名和密码之后:


> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=192.168.0.140, MASTER_USER='repl_user',

MASTER_PASSWORD='billy';


> START SLAVE;


这样主从模式就做好了主-----》从


-----------------------------------

我们在第一台服务器上设置可远程登录账户:

先登录mysql服务器:

>Grant all privileges on *.* to 'admin'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;

红色字体分别为账户和密码。

同样的,第二台服务器也这么操作。


然后,我们在主服务器(mysql-m1)的test数据库下面建立一个表测试同步情况:

登录mysql服务器:mysql -u root -p

>use test;(装好后,mysql默认自带)。

>create table abc(a int,b int,c int);


创建好后插入数据。

>insert into abc values(1,2,3);

多执行几次

然后select * from abc;

查看数据插入进去了没有。(我后面有自己插入了几行)。


mysql> select * from acc;

+------+------+------+

| a    | b    | c    |

+------+------+------+

|    1 |    2 |    3 |

|    1 |    2 |    3 |

|    1 |    2 |    3 |

|    1 |    2 |    3 |

|    1 |    2 |    3 |

|    1 |    2 |    3 |

|    2 |    2 |    2 |

|    2 |    2 |    2 |

|    2 |    2 |    2 |

+------+------+------+

登录mysql-m2,查看是否有数据同步过来。

同步过来了就是ok的了。


-------------------------------------

官方的文档只说了主从模式,我查了一下,要做双主模式,必须开启log-slave-updates=true这个选项。


我看了看两台服务器的配置文件都有这个。


然后呢,我自己试了一下。


登录主服务器---mysql-m1


登录mysql  ----mysql -u root -p

输入密码


执行:

> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=192.168.0.141, MASTER_USER='admin',

MASTER_PASSWORD='123456';


> START SLAVE;



没想到,真的就可以,没报错。


>show slave status\G;


两台服务器都能查询出来信息。


===================总结=================

官方这个文档我是明白了。

它让每个slave都有当master的机会,如果一个master宕机了,

执行:

> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=192.168.0.*, MASTER_USER='repl_user',

MASTER_PASSWORD='billy';


> START SLAVE;

这个操作,只要换个IP地址,可以把任何一台从机变成主机,当主机启动之后,再执行:

> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=192.168.0.MASTER_IP, MASTER_USER='repl_user',

MASTER_PASSWORD='billy';


> START SLAVE;

这样主从切换来回自如。


不过,香港虚拟主机,我真的不知道类似于heartbeat的功能有木有~~~~我不像业务中断,香港虚拟主机,难道要在master上面做heartbeat?



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