引言:hints翻译成中文就是提示,暗示的意思,它在数据库中作用就是更改SQL语句的执行方式,你可以使用hints强制sql按照你所设置的方式执行sql,一般用来做性能
引言:hints翻译成中文就是提示,暗示的意思,它在数据库中作用就是更改SQL语句的执行方式,你可以使用hints强制sql按照你所设置的方式执行sql,一般用来做性能诊断和调优,不建议在开发中使用。
1.写一条SQL,使它通过全表扫描方式的效率优于索引访问,分别给出各自的执行计划。
LEO1@LEO1> create table leo1 as select * from dba_objects; 创建leo1表
Table created.
LEO1@LEO1> create index idx_leo1 on leo1(object_id); 在这个object_id列上创建索引
Index created.
LEO1@LEO1> execute dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('LEO1','LEO1',cascade=>true); 分析表和索引
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
LEO1@LEO1> select count(*) from leo1; 表上有71958行记录
COUNT(*)
---------------
71958
LEO1@LEO1> select /*+ full(leo1) */ * from leo1 where object_id>100;
71859 rows selected.
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2716644435
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 71862 | 6807K| 287 (1)| 00:00:04 |
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| LEO1 | 71862 | 6807K| 287 (1)| 00:00:04 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("OBJECT_ID">100)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
0 db block gets
5762 consistent gets 5762次一致性读
0 physical reads
0 redo size
3715777 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
53214 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
4792 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
71859 rows processed
LEO1@LEO1> select /*+ index(leo1 idx_leo1) */ * from leo1 where object_id>100;
71859 rows selected.
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1434365503
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 71862 | 6807K| 1232 (1)| 00:00:15 |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| LEO1 | 71862 | 6807K| 1232 (1)| 00:00:15 |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IDX_LEO1 | 71862 | | 160 (0)| 00:00:02 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("OBJECT_ID">100)
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
1 recursive calls
0 db block gets
10735 consistent gets 10735次一致性读
0 physical reads
0 redo size
8241805 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
53214 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
4792 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
71859 rows processed

TograntpermissionstonewMySQLusers,followthesesteps:1)AccessMySQLasauserwithsufficientprivileges,2)CreateanewuserwiththeCREATEUSERcommand,3)UsetheGRANTcommandtospecifypermissionslikeSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,orALLPRIVILEGESonspecificdatabasesortables,and4)

ToaddusersinMySQLeffectivelyandsecurely,followthesesteps:1)UsetheCREATEUSERstatementtoaddanewuser,specifyingthehostandastrongpassword.2)GrantnecessaryprivilegesusingtheGRANTstatement,adheringtotheprincipleofleastprivilege.3)Implementsecuritymeasuresl

ToaddanewuserwithcomplexpermissionsinMySQL,followthesesteps:1)CreatetheuserwithCREATEUSER'newuser'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'password';.2)Grantreadaccesstoalltablesin'mydatabase'withGRANTSELECTONmydatabase.TO'newuser'@'localhost';.3)Grantwriteaccessto'

The string data types in MySQL include CHAR, VARCHAR, BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB, and TEXT. The collations determine the comparison and sorting of strings. 1.CHAR is suitable for fixed-length strings, VARCHAR is suitable for variable-length strings. 2.BINARY and VARBINARY are used for binary data, and BLOB and TEXT are used for large object data. 3. Sorting rules such as utf8mb4_unicode_ci ignores upper and lower case and is suitable for user names; utf8mb4_bin is case sensitive and is suitable for fields that require precise comparison.

The best MySQLVARCHAR column length selection should be based on data analysis, consider future growth, evaluate performance impacts, and character set requirements. 1) Analyze the data to determine typical lengths; 2) Reserve future expansion space; 3) Pay attention to the impact of large lengths on performance; 4) Consider the impact of character sets on storage. Through these steps, the efficiency and scalability of the database can be optimized.

MySQLBLOBshavelimits:TINYBLOB(255bytes),BLOB(65,535bytes),MEDIUMBLOB(16,777,215bytes),andLONGBLOB(4,294,967,295bytes).TouseBLOBseffectively:1)ConsiderperformanceimpactsandstorelargeBLOBsexternally;2)Managebackupsandreplicationcarefully;3)Usepathsinst

The best tools and technologies for automating the creation of users in MySQL include: 1. MySQLWorkbench, suitable for small to medium-sized environments, easy to use but high resource consumption; 2. Ansible, suitable for multi-server environments, simple but steep learning curve; 3. Custom Python scripts, flexible but need to ensure script security; 4. Puppet and Chef, suitable for large-scale environments, complex but scalable. Scale, learning curve and integration needs should be considered when choosing.

Yes,youcansearchinsideaBLOBinMySQLusingspecifictechniques.1)ConverttheBLOBtoaUTF-8stringwithCONVERTfunctionandsearchusingLIKE.2)ForcompressedBLOBs,useUNCOMPRESSbeforeconversion.3)Considerperformanceimpactsanddataencoding.4)Forcomplexdata,externalproc


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