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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial 使用 Hive 构建数据仓库

使用 Hive 构建数据仓库

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:39 PM
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数据仓库 构建一个真正的数据仓库可能是一个庞大的工程。有许多不同的设备、方法和理论。最大的共同价值是什么?事实是什么,哪些主题与这些事实相关?以及您如何混合、匹配、合并和集成可能已存在数十年的系统与仅在几个月前实现的系统?这还是在大数据和 H

数据仓库

构建一个真正的数据仓库可能是一个庞大的工程。有许多不同的设备、方法和理论。最大的共同价值是什么?事实是什么,服务器空间,哪些主题与这些事实相关?以及您如何混合、匹配、合并和集成可能已存在数十年的系统与仅在几个月前实现的系统?这还是在大数据和 Hadoop 之前。将非结构化、数据、NoSQL 和 Hadoop 添加到组合中,您很快就会得到一个庞大的数据集成项目。

描述一个数据仓库的最简单方式是,认识到可以将它归结为星形模式、事实和维度。您如何创建这些元素,网站空间,决定权在您手上 — 通过暂存数据库;动态提取、转换、加载流程;或者集成辅助索引。当然,您可以构建一个包含星形模式、事实和维度的数据仓库,使用 Hive 作为核心技术,但这并不容易。在 Hadoop 世界外部,这会成为一个更大的挑战。与其说 Hive 是一种合法的数据仓库,倒不如说它是一个集成、转换、快速查找工具。该模式可能像是数据仓库,香港服务器,但适用性表明它不是 RDBMS。那么为什么使用它?

星形模式是什么

想象一颗星星 — 具有一个中心和多个指向不同方向的 “手臂”。中心是动力之源或事实表。所有手臂都指向不同维度。许多数据仓库有一个事实表和多个维度。

事实表包含您可以加权或计算的任何数据。在此示例中,您拥有棒球统计数据,比如跑垒、全垒打、击球率等。您可以计算、增加、减去或乘以这些列。

维度更加以主题为基础。在此示例中,您有运动员信息维度、时间和日期维度,等等。通常没有计算或加权多个维度中的列。

在此示例中,将一个维度表与一个事实表连接的键是 playerID。

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