简介 SQL Server 2012之后对窗口函数进行了极大的加强,但对于很多开发人员来说,对窗口函数却不甚了解,导致了这样强大的功能被浪费,因此本篇文章主要谈一谈SQL Server中窗口函数的概念。 什么是窗口函数 窗口函数,也可以被称为OLAP函数或分析函数。理解
简介
SQL Server 2012之后对窗口函数进行了极大的加强,但对于很多开发人员来说,对窗口函数却不甚了解,导致了这样强大的功能被浪费,因此本篇文章主要谈一谈SQL Server中窗口函数的概念。
什么是窗口函数
窗口函数,也可以被称为OLAP函数或分析函数。理解窗口函数可以从理解聚合函数开始,我们知道聚合函数的概念,就是将某列多行中的值按照聚合规则合并为一行,比如说Sum、AVG等等,简单的概念如图1所示。
图1.聚合函数
因此,通常来说,聚合后的行数都要小于聚合前的行数。而对于窗口函数来说,输入结果等于输出结果,举一个简单的例子,如果你计算产品类型A和产品类型B,A产品分5小类,B产品分2小类,应用了窗口函数的结果后可以还是7行,对窗口函数应用了Count后,附加在每一行上,比如说“A产品,A小类1,5“,而B小类则变为”B产品,B小类1,2”最后一列就是应用了窗口函数的结果。
现在我们对窗口函数有了初步的概览,文章后我会提供一些具体的例子来让对窗口函数的概念更加深刻,窗口函数除了上面提到的输入行等于输出行之外,还有如下特性和好处:
窗口函数是整个SQL语句最后被执行的部分,,这意味着窗口函数是在SQL查询的结果集上进行的,因此不会受到Group By, Having,Where子句的影响。
窗口函数的典型范例是我们在SQL Server 2005之后用到的排序函数,比如代码清单1所示。
Row_Number() OVER (partition by xx ORDER BY xxx desc) RowNumber

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows
This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.

SAP NetWeaver Server Adapter for Eclipse
Integrate Eclipse with SAP NetWeaver application server.

Dreamweaver Mac version
Visual web development tools

EditPlus Chinese cracked version
Small size, syntax highlighting, does not support code prompt function

Safe Exam Browser
Safe Exam Browser is a secure browser environment for taking online exams securely. This software turns any computer into a secure workstation. It controls access to any utility and prevents students from using unauthorized resources.