在产品迭代开发发布过程中,由于业务需求的增加,数据库难免会有结构调整等操作.在每个版本发布过程中怎么控制每个版本server端程
在产品迭代开发发布过程中,由于业务需求的增加,,数据库难免会有结构调整等操作.
在每个版本发布过程中怎么控制每个版本server端程序与数据库版本保持一致,以及数据库升级、回滚等操作.
本博文宅鸟将向大家推荐一款mysql数据库迁移工具mysql-php-migrations
由于具体需求不同,宅鸟根据自己公司的情况将mysql-php-migrations做了一些修改来满应用!
宅鸟修改程序后的mysql迁移程序有以下目录:
config 配置文件
dbscript sql脚本目录
lib 迁移程序类库
migrate.php 迁移命令执行入口
执行php migrate.php
可以看到如下结果
我们可以看到migrate.php有很多命令
php migrate.php add test
结果:
__ __ __ __
|\/| (_ / \| __ |__)|__||__) __ |\/|. _ _ _ |_. _ _ _
| |\/__)\_\/|__ | | || | ||(_)| (_||_|(_)| )_)
/ _/
******************************************************************** v2.0.1 ***
New migration created: file
/var/www/mysqlMigrations/dbscript/2013_12_18_14_50_45_test.php
*******************************************************************************
cd dbscript
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 4837 Sep 29 09:21 2013_06_18_17_14_16_v1.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 802 Sep 29 13:29 2013_09_29_12_00_12_v1.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 root www-data 240 Dec 18 14:50 2013_12_18_14_50_45_test.php
此时dbscript目录已经新添加一个2013_12_18_14_50_45_test.php文件,改文件格式如下:
class Migration_2013_12_18_14_50_45 extends MpmMysqliMigration
{
public function up(ExceptionalMysqli &$mysqli)
{
$mysqli->exec("DO 0");
}
public function down(ExceptionalMysqli &$mysqli)
{
$mysqli->exec("DO 0");
}
}
?>
把需要修改的数据库脚本写在up函数中:
把对应修改修改所做的回滚操作卸载down函数中
注意:在生产环境下建议只做数据库的向上变迁,不做down操作,避免用户有用数据丢失.

Installing MySQL on Linux can be done through the package manager. The specific steps are as follows: 1. On Ubuntu, use apt to update the package list and install the MySQL server; 2. On CentOS, use yum to install the MySQL community version and start the service. After installation, basic configuration needs to be performed, such as setting the root password and creating database and users.

MySQL views are virtual tables generated based on SQL queries. 1. Create a view: Use the CREATEVIEW statement combined with SELECT query. 2. Usage scenarios: simplify complex queries, data abstraction and ensure data consistency. 3. Optimization strategy: simplify underlying queries, use indexes, and consider materialized views.

When creating a database in MySQL, character sets and collation rules should be specified to ensure data accuracy and improve query performance. 1) Use the CREATEDATABASEmy_databaseCHARACTERSETutf8mb4COLLATIONutf8mb4_unicode_ci command to create a database, select the utf8mb4 character set and utf8mb4_unicode_ci collation. 2) utf8mb4 supports more Unicode characters, while utf8mb4_unicode_ci provides case-insensitive comparisons. 3) Ensure that the application layer and database layer use the same character set and collation rules to avoid potential problems.

In MySQL, sorting uses the ORDERBY clause, and ranking uses the RANK(), DENSE_RANK(), and ROW_NUMBER() functions. 1. Sort: Use ORDERBY clause, such as SELECT*FROMemployeesORDERBYsalaryDESC; 2. Ranking: Use window functions, such as SELECTemployee_name, salary, RANK()OVER(ORDERBYsalaryDESC)ASrankFROMemployees; these operations are based on SQL query optimizer and execution engine, and are often used to sort quickly or merge sort, and ranking depends on window function calculation.

To create and call stored procedures in MySQL, follow the following steps: 1. Create stored procedures: Use the CREATEPROCEDURE statement to define stored procedures, including names, parameters, and SQL statements. 2. Compile stored procedures: MySQL compiles stored procedures into executable code and stores them. 3. Call stored procedure: use CALL statement and pass parameters. 4. Execute stored procedures: MySQL executes the SQL statements in it, processes parameters and returns the result.

The MySQL service can be set to automatically start on Windows, Linux, and macOS. 1) On Windows, use the command "scconfigmysqlstart=auto" to configure. 2) On Linux, enable it using "sudosystemctlenablemysql". 3) On macOS, create and load the launchd configuration file to achieve automatic startup.

The methods to view the MySQL table structure include: 1. Use the DESCRIBE command to view column information; 2. Use the SHOWCREATETABLE command to view table creation statements; 3. Use information_schema to query more detailed information. These methods help to quickly understand table structure and improve work efficiency.

Installing MySQL on macOS can be achieved through the following steps: 1. Install Homebrew, using the command /bin/bash-c"$(curl-fsSLhttps://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)". 2. Update Homebrew and use brewupdate. 3. Install MySQL and use brewinstallmysql. 4. Start MySQL service and use brewservicesstartmysql. After installation, you can use mysql-u


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