一般来说,数据库处理SQL都会经过三个过程:解析(parse)、执行(exec)、返回结果(fetch)
一般来说,数据库处理SQL都会经过三个过程:解析(parse)、执行(exec)、返回结果(fetch)
1.解析
当用户发起一个SQL语句时,Oracle通过Server Process 接收SQL语句到达oracle实例,并在Shared pool 中的 Library Cache 查找是否存在该语句对应执行计划的缓存。
如果不存在则将该SQL进行硬解析(Hard parse),生成最优化的执行计划(plan),并将该执行计划等信息载入Library Cache。
如果存在则不经过硬解析,而是直接进行软解析(Soft parse),从而减少数据库的分析时间。
2.执行
server process首先在buffer cache中查找是否存在该执行计划所对应的数据块,如果存在,就直接进行DML操作(逻辑IO),否则应从数据文件中将数据块读取到buffer cache中,再进行DML操作(物理IO)。
3.返回结果
对于SELECT语句需要返回结果,首先看是否需要排序,,如果需要则排序后返回给用户。
对于其他DML语句(insert/delete/update),则无需返回结果。当buffer cache中的数据块被修改时,server process将自动记录buffer的改变过程到SGA中的redo log buffer,最终分别由DBWR和LGWR进程负责将buffer cache中的脏数据块和redo log buffer中的日志写到磁盘中的data file和redo log file。
解析类型:硬解析、软解析、软软解析
对SQL的解析都需要频繁地访问数据字典
硬解析:
判断SQL语句是否存在语法、语义的问题
判断SQL语句所涉及的对象(表、视图)是否存在
判断执行SQL语句的用户对涉及的对象是否有权限
选择最优的执行方案,生成执行计划
其中生成执行计划最消耗系统资源(CPU、I/O、Memory),尤其是CPU和I/O资源
软解析:只判断SQL语句的语法、语义、对象权限,而不生成执行计划
软软解析:不解析
SQL> select name,value from v$sysstat where name like 'parse%' ;
NAME VALUE
------------------------------ ----------
parse time cpu 1339
parse time elapsed 17374
parse count (total) 23639
parse count (hard) 3060
parse count (failures) 149
parse count (describe) 9
Oracle体系结构系列相关文章:
Oracle体系结构之SCN、实例恢复
Oracle体系结构之检查点
Oracle体系结构之SQL语句的执行过程
更多详情见请继续阅读下一页的精彩内容:

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

SecLists
SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.

WebStorm Mac version
Useful JavaScript development tools

Atom editor mac version download
The most popular open source editor

EditPlus Chinese cracked version
Small size, syntax highlighting, does not support code prompt function

DVWA
Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software