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利用XtrabBackup工具备份及恢复

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Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:31 PM

Xtrabackup 是percona的一个开源项目，可以热备份innodb ，XtraDB,和MyISAM（会锁表），可以看做是InnoDB Hotbackup的免费替代品

Xtrabackup------MySQL DBA的必备工具

注意：

1)文档参照:start

2)mysql要使用5.1.50版本或以上。

一、Xtrabackup简介及安装

1、Xtrabackup 是percona的一个开源项目，可以热备份innodb ，，XtraDB,和MyISAM（会锁表），可以看做是InnoDB Hotbackup的免费替代品。

Percona Support for MySQL

BenefitSilver
(Per Server)Gold
(Unlimited)Platinum
(Unlimited)

Annual Price $1,500/server From $15,000 From $30,000

Number of Servers Covered Per-Server Unlimited Unlimited

Number of Support Incidents Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited

Response Time SLA 60 Minutes 30 Minutes 30 Minutes

Named Support Contact Persons 5 10 20

Email, Web, & Chat Support

Yes

Phone Support

Yes

24×7 Support

Yes

Fixes For Verified Bugs

Yes

Hot Bug Fixes

Yes

Onsite System Audit Option

Yes

Covers Old Server Versions

Yes

Covers Non-Standard Platforms Option

Covers Custom Code Option

参考：

先看看如何安装Xtrabackup,最简单的安装方式是使用RPM包，不过想使用源代码方式安装的话，其安装方式有点古怪，因为它采用的在MySQL源代码上打补丁构建的方式安装的。

2、安装：

wget

tar zxf xtrabackup-1.4.tar.gz

cd xtrabackup-1.4

./configure

make

进行到这里时，千万别make install，那样就会接着安装MySQL了，正确方法是：

cd innobase/xtrabackup/

make

make install

安装参照：:installation:from-source

3、如此一来，就会在/usr/bin目录里安装上两个有用的工具：xtrabackup、innobackupex

1)xtrabackup 只能备份InnoDB和XtraDB两种数据表，支持在线热备份，可以在不加锁的情况备份Innodb数据表，不过此工具不能操作Myisam引擎表

2)innobackupex 是一个脚本封装，封装了xtrabackup,能同时处理Innodb和Myisam，但在处理Myisam时需要加一个读锁。

按如上的介绍，由于操作Myisam时需要加读锁，这会堵塞线上服务的写操作，而Innodb没有这样的限制，所以数据库中Innodb表类型所占的比例越大，则越有利。实际应用中一般是直接使用innobackupex方法，它主要有三种操作方式，按手册中的介绍：

Usage:

innobackup [--sleep=MS] [--compress[=LEVEL]] [--include=REGEXP] [--user=NAME]

[--password=WORD] [--port=PORT] [--socket=SOCKET] [--no-timestamp]

[--ibbackup=IBBACKUP-BINARY] [--slave-info] [--stream=tar]

[--defaults-file=MY.CNF]

[--databases=LIST] [--remote-host=HOSTNAME] BACKUP-ROOT-DIR

innobackup --apply-log [--use-memory=MB] [--uncompress] [--defaults-file=MY.CNF]

[--ibbackup=IBBACKUP-BINARY] BACKUP-DIR

innobackup --copy-back [--defaults-file=MY.CNF] BACKUP-DIR

——————————————————————————————————

第一个命令行是热备份mysql数据库。

带有--apply-log选项的命令是准备在一个备份上启动mysql服务。

带有--copy-back选项的命令从备份目录拷贝数据，索引，日志到my.cnf文件里规定的初始位置。

Xtrabackup还可以用来moving InnoDB tables between servers，更多的内容可以参考官方文档及例子。

参考链接：

1.官方文档：:xtrabackup_manual

2.Xtrabackup online backup for InnoDB/XTraDB（pdf）:

推荐阅读：

MySQL开源备份工具Xtrabackup备份部署

MySQL Xtrabackup备份和恢复

用XtraBackup实现MySQL的主从复制快速部署【主不锁表】

安装和使用 Percona 推出的 Xtrabackup 备份 MySQL

XtraBackup 的详细介绍：请点这里
XtraBackup 的下载地址：请点这里

请继续阅读：

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