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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialOracle OWI 等待事件视图(v$session_wait/v$session_event/v$system_ev

Oracle为我们提供了获取这些等待事件的可用视图。根据这些视图可以得知哪些事件导致该SQL语句效率低下而采取相应的修改或调整。本

通常情况下,用户提交一条SQL语句,总会存在这样或那样的等待事件。也就是说由于所需资源被占用导致进程不得不处于等待状态。Oracle为我们提供了获取这些等待事件的可用视图。根据这些视图可以得知哪些事件导致该SQL语句效率低下而采取相应的修改或调整。本文基于Oracle 10g描述了如何通过视图v$session_wait,v$session_event,以及v$system_event去获取等待事件的相关信息。 

1、等待事件相关参数
  timed_statistics
      指定了在搜集数据库统计信息时,与时间相关的统计信息是否会被收集。该参数影响等待事件中时间相关的值,且受制于statistics_level。
  statistics_level
      指定了收集数据库以及操作系统统计信息的级别。
      该参数值的范围STATISTICS_LEVEL = { ALL | TYPICAL | BASIC },可修改级别ALTER SESSION, ALTER SYSTEM
      缺省情况下为TYPICAL

 

2、等待事件的相关视图
  可以从dict数据库字典中获得当前数据库的与等待事件相关的视图,如使用如下SQL来获得:
      SELECT *
        FROM dict
      WHERE table_name LIKE '%V$EVENT%' OR table_name LIKE '%V$%WAIT%';
 
  几个重要的等待事件视图
      下面这三个视图提供了不同粒度级的等待事件统计和计时信息。
      v$SESSION_WAIT(最低粒度的等待事件)
      v$SESSION_EVENT(该视图提供上一视图等待事件的汇总)
      v$SYSTEM_EVENT(该视图提供自实例启动以来所有等待事件的汇总)
   
  几个视图的粒度关系
      V$SESSION_WAIT ⊂ v$SESSION_EVENT ⊂ v$SYSTEM_EVENT
      下面将逐一描述这些视图

 

3、视图v$event_name
  该视图列出了当前Oracle版本中所有等待事件的描述信息。如等待事件的ID,,名字,参数,类别等等
      SELECT COUNT (*) FROM v$event_name;
   
      SELECT wait_class, COUNT (*)
      FROM v$event_name
      GROUP BY wait_class
      ORDER BY 2;

 

4、视图v$session_wait
    该视图显示的基于会话级的等待信息,为每个会话当前正在等待的事件或资源提供详细信息。
    也就是说在视图v$session_wait中,每一个连接到的实例的session都对应一行活动的或不活动的信息。
    视图的p1,p2,p3标识了对应的session正在等待的具体资源,p1text,p2text,p3text则是对p1,p2,p3的文字描述。
    从Oracle 10g R1启,该视图的所有信息可以直接从v$session获得。
         
  1)、state字段有四种含义﹕
    a、Waiting:当前SESSION正等待这个事件。SECONDS_IN_WAIT表示已经等待的时间。
    b、Waited unknown time:参数timed_statistics值为false时,无法确定等待时间。
    c、Wait short time:表示发生了等待,且低于1厘秒,此情形下wait_time列显示为-1。
    d、Waited known time:如果session等待然后得到了所需资源,那么将从waiting进入本状态,并且时间发送给wait_time列
 
  2)、wait_time值也有四种含义:
    a、值>0:最后一次等待时间(单位:厘秒),当前未在等待状态。
    b、值=0:session正在等待当前的事件。
    c、值=-1:最后一次等待时间小于1个统计单位,当前未在等待状态。
    d、值=-2:时间统计状态未置为可用,当前未在等待状态。
 
  3)、wait_time和seconds_in_wait字段值与state相关:
    a、如果state值为Waiting,则wait_time值无效。seconds_in_wait值为实际的等待时间(单位:秒)。
    b、如果state值为Wait unknow time或者Wait short time,那么wait_time值和Seconds_in_wait值都无效。
    c、如果state值为Waiting known time,则wait_time值就是实际等待时间(单位:秒),seconds_in_wait值无效。
 
  4)、指定session当前的等待事件
      SELECT *
        FROM v$session_wait
      WHERE sid = &input_sid;

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