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1.TOP 子句 TOP 子句用于规定要返回的记录的数目。 对于拥有数千条记录的大型表来说,TOP 子句是非常有用的。 SELECT TOP number

1.TOP 子句
 
TOP 子句用于规定要返回的记录的数目。
 
对于拥有数千条记录的大型表来说,,TOP 子句是非常有用的。
 
SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)
FROM table_name
例如:SELECT TOP 2 * FROM Persons
 
 
 
2.LIKE 操作符
 
LIKE 操作符用于在 WHERE 子句中搜索列中的指定模式。
 
SELECT column_name(s)
 
FROM table_name
 
WHERE column_name LIKE pattern
 
例:SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE City NOT LIKE '%lon%'
 
      SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE City NOT LIKE '%lon'
 
      SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE City NOT LIKE 'lon%'
 
 
 
3.SQL 通配符
 
在搜索数据库中的数据时,SQL 通配符可以替代一个或多个字符。
 
SQL 通配符必须与 LIKE 运算符一起使用。
 

 

通配符
 
描述
 


%
 
替代一个或多个字符
 


_
 
仅替代一个字符
 


[charlist]
 
字符列中的任何单一字符
 

 

[^charlist]
 
或者
 
[!charlist]
 
不在字符列中的任何单一字符
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
例:SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE FirstName LIKE '_eorge' 

        SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE City LIKE '[ALN]%'
 
 
 
4.IN 操作符
 
IN 操作符允许我们在 WHERE 子句中规定多个值。
 
SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_nameWHERE column_name IN (value1,value2,...)
 
例:SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE LastName IN ('Adams','Carter')
 
 
 
5.BETWEEN 操作符
 
操作符 BETWEEN ... AND 会选取介于两个值之间的数据范围。这些值可以是数值、文本或者日期。
 
SQL BETWEEN 语法
 
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
BETWEEN value1 AND value2
例:SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE LastNameBETWEEN 'Adams' AND 'Carter'
 
 
 
6.Alias
 
通过使用 SQL,可以为列名称和表名称指定别名(Alias)。
 
表的 SQL Alias 语法
 
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
AS alias_name
 
 
列的 SQL Alias 语法
 
SELECT column_name AS alias_name
FROM table_name
 
例 :SELECT po.OrderID, p.LastName, p.FirstNameFROM Persons AS p, Product_Orders AS poWHERE p.LastName='Adams' AND p.FirstName='John'

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