众所周知,增加索引是提高查询速度的有效途径,但是很多时候,即使增加了索引,查询仍然不使用索引,这种情况严重影响性能,这里
众所周知,增加索引是提高查询速度的有效途径,但是很多时候,即使增加了索引,查询仍然不使用索引,这种情况严重影响性能,这里就简单总结几条MySQL不使用索引的情况
1.如果MySQL估计使用索引比全表扫描更慢,则不使用索引。例如,如果列key均匀分布在1和100之间,下面的查询使用索引就不是很好:select * from table_name where key>1 and key
2.如果使用MEMORY/HEAP表,并且where条件中不使用“=”进行索引列,那么不会用到索引,head表只有在“=”的条件下才会使用索引
3.用or分隔开的条件,如果or前的条件中的列有索引,而后面的列没有索引,那么涉及到的索引都不会被用到,例如:select * from table_name where key1='a' or key2='b';如果在key1上有索引而在key2上没有索引,则该查询也不会走索引
4. 复合索引,如果索引列不是复合索引的第一部分,则不使用索引(即不符合最左前缀),例如,复合索引为(key1,key2),则查询select * from table_name where key2='b';将不会使用索引
5.如果like是以‘%’开始的,则该列上的索引不会被使用。例如select * from table_name where key1 like '%a';该查询即使key1上存在索引,也不会被使用
6.如果列为字符串,则where条件中必须将字符常量值加引号,否则即使该列上存在索引,也不会被使用。例如,select * from table_name where key1=1;如果key1列保存的是字符串,即使key1上有索引,也不会被使用。
从上面可以看出,即使我们建立了索引,也不一定会被使用,那么我们如何知道我们索引的使用情况呢??在MySQL中,有Handler_read_key和Handler_read_rnd_key两个变量,如果Handler_read_key值很高而Handler_read_rnd_key的值很低,则表明索引经常不被使用,应该重新考虑建立索引。可以通过:show status like 'Handler_read%'来查看着连个参数的值。

ACID attributes include atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability, and are the cornerstone of database design. 1. Atomicity ensures that the transaction is either completely successful or completely failed. 2. Consistency ensures that the database remains consistent before and after a transaction. 3. Isolation ensures that transactions do not interfere with each other. 4. Persistence ensures that data is permanently saved after transaction submission.

MySQL is not only a database management system (DBMS) but also closely related to programming languages. 1) As a DBMS, MySQL is used to store, organize and retrieve data, and optimizing indexes can improve query performance. 2) Combining SQL with programming languages, embedded in Python, using ORM tools such as SQLAlchemy can simplify operations. 3) Performance optimization includes indexing, querying, caching, library and table division and transaction management.

MySQL uses SQL commands to manage data. 1. Basic commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE. 2. Advanced usage involves JOIN, subquery and aggregate functions. 3. Common errors include syntax, logic and performance issues. 4. Optimization tips include using indexes, avoiding SELECT* and using LIMIT.

MySQL is an efficient relational database management system suitable for storing and managing data. Its advantages include high-performance queries, flexible transaction processing and rich data types. In practical applications, MySQL is often used in e-commerce platforms, social networks and content management systems, but attention should be paid to performance optimization, data security and scalability.

The relationship between SQL and MySQL is the relationship between standard languages and specific implementations. 1.SQL is a standard language used to manage and operate relational databases, allowing data addition, deletion, modification and query. 2.MySQL is a specific database management system that uses SQL as its operating language and provides efficient data storage and management.

InnoDB uses redologs and undologs to ensure data consistency and reliability. 1.redologs record data page modification to ensure crash recovery and transaction persistence. 2.undologs records the original data value and supports transaction rollback and MVCC.

Key metrics for EXPLAIN commands include type, key, rows, and Extra. 1) The type reflects the access type of the query. The higher the value, the higher the efficiency, such as const is better than ALL. 2) The key displays the index used, and NULL indicates no index. 3) rows estimates the number of scanned rows, affecting query performance. 4) Extra provides additional information, such as Usingfilesort prompts that it needs to be optimized.

Usingtemporary indicates that the need to create temporary tables in MySQL queries, which are commonly found in ORDERBY using DISTINCT, GROUPBY, or non-indexed columns. You can avoid the occurrence of indexes and rewrite queries and improve query performance. Specifically, when Usingtemporary appears in EXPLAIN output, it means that MySQL needs to create temporary tables to handle queries. This usually occurs when: 1) deduplication or grouping when using DISTINCT or GROUPBY; 2) sort when ORDERBY contains non-index columns; 3) use complex subquery or join operations. Optimization methods include: 1) ORDERBY and GROUPB


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

SublimeText3 Linux new version
SublimeText3 Linux latest version

DVWA
Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download
A free and powerful IDE editor launched by Microsoft

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows
This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.