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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialOracle 区管理和段空间管理小结

Oracle 区管理和段空间管理小结,区管理实际上就是表空间的管理,8i以前,是字典管理表空间,当创建或删除对象时,Oracle的空间分

作为一名DBA,常见的一个场景之一:

创建表空间:

create tablespace Think 
datafile '/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/orcl/think.dbf' size 100M 
autoextend on next 10M maxsize 4096M 
extent management local uniform size 256K 
segment space management auto;

创建用户:

create user bin 
default tablespace Think 
temporary tablespace temp; 

授予权限:

grant connect,resource to bin; 
revoke unlimited tablespace from bin; 
alter user bin quota unlimited on Think; 

在这个场景中,,有两条语句:

① extent management local uniform size 256K

② segment space management auto

其中,前者是区管理;后者则是段空间管理

㈠ 区管理

区管理实际上就是表空间的管理

8i以前,是字典管理表空间,当创建或删除对象时,Oracle的空间分配或回收是通过数据字典来记录和管理

在高并发系统中,这会导致性能衰减、空间碎片等难题

这已经是门过去的技术,这里就不赘述了。

8i开始,Oracle引入本地表空间管理

在每个表空间的数据文件的头部加入了一个位图区域

一个段的第一个区的第一个块是first level bitmap block

第二个块是second level bitmap block

第三个块才是段头块

这两个块是用来管理free block

语法:

extent management local { autoallocate | uniform size n K/M}

是自动分配还是统一尺寸

若为自动分配,则Oracle会按照递增算法来分配空间

如果选择统一尺寸,还可以详细指定每个区间的大小

dba_extents这个视图可以看到哪些对象分配了多少区间

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