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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialOracle 10g的spfile与pfile

从Oracle 9i开始,Oracle缺省使用spfile启动数据库,spfile必须由pfile创建,新建的spfile将在下一次启动数据库时生效。pfile为初

从Oracle 9i开始,Oracle缺省使用spfile启动数据库,spfile必须由pfile创建,新建的spfile将在下一次启动数据库时生效。

pfile为初始化参数文件(Initialization Parameters Files),Oracle 9i之前,Oracle通过pfile储存初始化参数,该文件为文本文件,可手工修改。

spfile为服务器参数文件(Server Parameters Files),Oracle 9i之后引入,为数据文件,不可手工修改。

在Oracle9i之前,修改初始化参数需要通过手工修改pfile文件来完成,实例启动时才会从pfile中读取初始化参数,因此重启实例才会使修改参数生效。引入spfile后,可以直接通过命令来修改参数(alter system),对动态参数修改可以直接生效,并可同时设置该参数的scope,静态参数的scope必须是spfile,在重启后才会生效。

  • [oracle@oracle pfile]$ file init.ora.7302011151541   
  • init.ora.7302011151541: ASCII text 
  • [oracle@oracle dbs]$ file spfileTESTDB.ora   
  • spfileTESTDB.ora: data 
  • [oracle@oracle dbs]$ file spfileTESTDB.ora spfileTESTDB.ora: data

    文件的目录分别为:

    pfile:

    /home/oracle/oracle/admin/TESTDB/pfile/init.ora.6112012111012 

    spfile:

    /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfileTESTDB.ora 

    1.如果spfile被损坏了,,不存在,那么重启数据库就会报找不到spfile的错误

    这时需要通过——!):

  •  the instance 
  •  

    并且重启数据库

    缺省条件下,spfile会被创建到系统缺省目录

  • unix:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs 
  • windows:$ORACLE_HOME\database 
  • 备注:

    1,通过spfile文件创建pfile文件

    ]; 

    2,通过pfile文件创建spfile文件

    ]; 

    3,通过spfile文件修改动态参数

     parameter=Value scope=memory|spfile|both 

    memory:只改变当前实例运行,重启数据库后失效

    spfile:只改变spfile设置,不改变当前实例设置,重启数据库后生效

    both:同时改变spfile和实例设置,当前更改立即生效,重启后依然有效

    4,Startup nomount的时候需要读去spfile或pfile两者共存,spfile优先

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