使用SQL*Loader将CSV文件数据导入Oracle数据表
使用SQL*Loader将CSV文件数据导入Oracle数据表
1. 环境条件与操作目标
(1) Oracle中存在一个Employee表,表中包含4个字段:
emp_id number
emp_name varchar2
emp_date date
dpt_id number
(2) 一个CSV文件emp.csv, 包含了上述表中的相关数据,字段顺序与上述
表字段相同。内容如下:
1001,"James","2011/04/08",100
1001,"Tom","2010/10/15",100
1001,"Larry","2009/01/02",101
(3) 任务目标将emp.csv中的数据,使用sql*loader,导入表employee
2. SQL*Loader命令说明
SQL*Loader是随Oracle一起发布和安装的命令行工具,命令名称为sqlldr。
该工具用于将外部文件数据导入ORACLE。
SQL*Loader在运行时,必须指定一个控制文件和一个数据文件,
除了将数据输出到Oracle外,还可以输出其他文件,用以指示运行状态,
包括:
Log File: 日志文件,用于输出运行过程中的消息日志。当运行失败时,
可据此判断失败原因。
Bad Files: 错误数据行。当数据文件中某一行数据导入失败,这行数据
将被输出到BadFile中。
当以带有过滤条件方式运行SQL*Loader导入数据(数据过滤条件在控制文件
中指定),SQL*Loader还会根据需要输出以下文件:
Discard Files: 包含被过滤条件废弃的数据记录的文件。
SQL*Loader命令常用参数:> SQLLDR keyword=value [,keyword=value,...]
userid: 用户名/口令,例如scott/tiger@orcl
control: 输入的控制文件名
log: 输出的日志文件名
bad: 输出的错误数据文件名
data: 输入的数据文件名
discard: 输出的废弃数据文件名
errors: 允许的错误数,如果错误记录超过该数目,程序立即退出
slient: 运行过程隐藏消息
3. 导入数据
控制文件(control.ctl)中内容如下:
LOAD DATA
INFILE 'it.csv'
INTO TABLE employee
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
(
EMD_ID,
EMP_NAME,
EMD_DATE DATE "YYYY/MM/DD",
DPT_ID
)
执行SQL*Loader:
> sqlldr userid=username/password@orcl control=control.ctl

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