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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialOracle常见数据库对象—序列

一、序列:是oacle提供的用于产生一系列唯一数字的数据库对象。 a) 序列的特点 i. 自动提供唯一的数值 ii.

一、序列:是oacle提供的用于产生一系列唯一数字的数据库对象。

a)         序列的特点

i.              自动提供唯一的数值

ii.              共享对象

iii.              主要用于提供主键值

iv.              将序列值装入内存可以提高访问效率

b)         序列的定义

CREATE SEQUENCE sequence

[INCREMENT BY n]

[START WITH n]

[{MAXVALUE N|NOMAXVALUE}]

[{MINVALUE n|NOMINVALUE}]

[{CYCLE |NOCYCLE}]

[{CACHE n|COCACHE}];

二、序列的创建

a)          要有创建序列的权限 create sequence 或 create any sequence

b)         创建序列的语法

CREATE SEQUENCE sequence  //创建序列名称

[INCREMENT BY n]  //递增的序列值是n 如果n是正数就递增,如果是负数就递减 默认是1

[START WITH n]    //开始的值,递增默认是minvalue 递减是maxvalue

[{MAXVALUE n | NOMAXVALUE}] //最大值

[{MINVALUE n | NOMINVALUE}] //最小值

[{CYCLE | NOCYCLE}] //循环/不循环

[{CACHE n | NOCACHE}];//分配并存入到内存中

c)         注意事项

i.              NEXTVAL 返回序列中下一个有效的值,,任何用户都可以引用

ii.              CURRVAL 中存放序列的当前值

iii.              NEXTVAL 应在 CURRVAL 之前指定 ,二者应同时有效

三、序列的使用

a)         将序列值装入内存可提高访问效率

b)         序列在下列情况下出现裂缝:

i.              回滚

ii.              系统异常

iii.              多个表同时使用同一序列

c)         如果不将序列的值装入内存(NOCACHE), 可使用表 USER_SEQUENCES 查看序列当前的有效值

四、修改序列

a)         修改序列的增量, 最大值, 最小值, 循环选项, 或是否装入内存

例:ALTER SEQUENCE dept_deptid_seq

INCREMENT BY 20

MAXVALUE 999999

NOCACHE

NOCYCLE;

Sequence altered.

b)         注意事项

i.              必须是序列的拥有者或对序列有 ALTER 权限

ii.              只有将来的序列值会被改变

iii.              改变序列的初始值只能通过删除序列之后重建序列的方法实现

iv.              使用DROP SEQUENCE 语句删除序列

v.              删除之后,序列不能再次被引用

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