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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP MVC框架路由学习笔记_php实例

提到PHP开发web,自然离不开开发框架,开发框架为我们提供了灵活的开发方式,MVC层分离,业务解耦等。。。

第一篇先来简单点的,说说MVC框架的路由功能。。。

一般的单入口框架路由都是这样的结构:

domain/index.php/classname/functionname/var1/var2

这里的index.php 就被称为入口文件。。。对于服务器而言,你这里访问的就只有index.php 后面调用的controller 和里面的方法,甚至传值都是在框架内部基于PHP层面实现的。

Talk is cheap, show you the code !!

首先,先建立好下面的文件结构

我们来动手试试,怎么才能访问到controllers里面的文件。。。

在index.php里面输入以下内容

print_r($_SERVER);

然后访问 以下地址试试。

yourdomain/index.php/class/function/var1

这里作者我是用本地环境的,我访问的地址是localhost/MVC/index.php/class/function/var1

我贴出最重要的2个变量

[REQUEST_URI] => /MVC/index.php/class/function/var1
[SCRIPT_NAME] => /MVC/index.php

其实路由最基本的原理就在这里:

通过这2个变量来提取url地址里的class 和 function,参数等,然后把class include进来,通过PHP的回调函数call_user_func_array 调用对应的function和传递相应的参数。

接下来上代码,读代码应该比我写的易懂。哈哈~~

index.php 的内容如下

<&#63;php 
# 定义application路径 
define(‘APPPATH', trim(__DIR__,'/')); 
# 获得请求地址 
$root = $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']; 
$request = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; 
$URI = array(); 
# 获得index.php 后面的地址 
$url = trim(str_replace($root, ”, $request), ‘/'); 
# 如果为空,则是访问根地址 
if (empty($url)) 
{ 
# 默认控制器和默认方法 
$class = ‘index'; 
$func = ‘welcome'; 
} 
else 
{ 
$URI = explode(‘/', $url); 
# 如果function为空 则默认访问index 
if (count($URI) < 2) 
{ 
$class = $URI[0]; 
$func = ‘index'; 
} 
else 
{ 
$class = $URI[0]; 
$func = $URI[1]; 
} 
} 
# 把class加载进来 
include(APPPATH . ‘/' . ‘application/controllers/' . $class . ‘.php'); 
#实例化 
$obj = new ucfirst($class); 
call_user_func_array( 
# 调用内部function 
array($obj,$func), 
# 传递参数 
array_slice($URI, 2) 
); 

在application/controllers 里面添加下面2个文件

index.php 用于作为默认控制器

<&#63;php 
class Index 
{ 
function welcome() 
{ 
echo ‘I am default controller'; 
} 
} 
&#63;> 
hello.php
<&#63;php 
class Hello 
{ 
public function index() 
{ 
echo ‘hello world'; 
} 
public function name($name) 
{ 
echo ‘hello ‘ . $name; 
} 
} 
&#63;>

测试一下看看,能不能访问了。根据上面的路由结构。我们来试试

这个访问正常,正确调用了hello这个class内部的name方法,然后把参数barbery传递过去了。。。

再试试不输入function name,看看能不能默认调用index。。

答案也是可以的。。。

最后一个,访问root地址看看

也正确的映射到了默认控制器上。。。

ok,一个简单的MVC路由功能就完成了。。。

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