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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialRHEL5.7十步安装Oracle 11g R2

Linux上安装oracle,因其过程之繁琐,报错率之高,成为了许多工程师的梦魇。前段时间因工作需要,分别在HP的PC服务器和小型机上装

Linux上安装Oracle,因其过程之繁琐,报错率之高,成为了许多工程师的梦魇。前段时间因工作需要,分别在HP的PC服务器和小型机上装了几次oracle,其间的过程是生不如死啊,简直都快弄出人命了~如果自己没有一套完整的安装流程,光靠临时去百度的话,我想任何人都会有这样的问题:不断报错,不断卡壳,没完没了……最后还很有可能导致不得不重装系统。这些使得我不得不对自己的教训进行了总结,现总结出一份史上最详细的安装教程,供自己备忘,同时也分享给大家。

本教程适用环境为32位的RHEL5系统和oracle11g R2。
1、在安装oracle之前,用命令检查必需的RPM软件包有没有安装
命令如下:
rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers kernel-headers ksh libaio  libaio-devel libgcc libgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
如果RPM包安装完全的话会如图所示

image

 
如果未安装完全会显示XXX is not installed,这个时候可以通过挂在RHEL5.4的光盘或镜像,在Server文件夹里寻找相应的RPM包安装。
2、建立oracle系统用户和安装目录
创建一个主组oracle和一个副组dba
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
创建oracle安装文件夹
mkdir -p /oracle
添加一个oracle用户, 根目录是 /oracle,, 主的组是oinstall 副的组是dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /oracle oracle
拷贝包含环境变量的文件到安装目录下,这个之后会用到
cp /etc/skel/.bash_profile /oracle
cp /etc/skel/.bashrc /oracle
cp /etc/skel/.bash_logout /oracle
为oracle用户设置密码 123456
passwd oracle
设置安装目录用户权限
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle
检查 nobody 是否存在
id nobody
缺省存在的,会显示nobody的uid、gid和groups,默认都是99。如果不存在可以输入以下命令
/usr/sbin/useradd -g nobody
3、修改内核参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
在sysctl.conf这个文件中加入以下内容,我加在文件的末尾
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

image

 
4、设置oracle用户的shell limit
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
在limits.conf中加入以下内容,同样放在末尾,如图所示
oracle           soft    nproc   2047
oracle           hard    nproc  16384
oracle           soft    nofile   1024
oracle           hard    nofile  65536

image

 
增加下面的内容到文件 /etc/pam.d/login 中,使shell limit生效
vi /etc/pam.d/login
session    required     pam_limits.so  

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