在Linux下安装Oracle果然是好麻烦,先是要下载一坨库。因为用的是Testing的Debian,而安装用到的包大多都是old stable的,一般是
在Linux下安装Oracle果然是好麻烦,先是要下载一坨库。因为用的是Testing的Debian,而安装用到的包大多都是old stable的,一般是在port里找不到的,都要在Debian的网站上手工搜索,有些包还有依赖的包,于是顺藤摸瓜都要下下来。主要参考的手册是网上流传比较多的一个pdf文档。
唯一与文档安装不同的是,我在安装的时候选择了直接配置一个数据库实例,界面有所不同。pdf也提供了所有依赖的包,虽然不是oracle声明的版本(那些也太老了,gcc3.3啊libstdc++5啊什么的都出来了叫= =),不过确实可用,但是我不知道我哪里一个库出了问题,在安装过程中还是跳了一个错误,不过好像目前还没发现有问题。
然后就是数据库的设置问题了。像Windows下都傻瓜式设置好了,这里还要自己再重新设置一下。
1、在.profile里要填好$ORACLE_HOME $ORACLE_BASE $ORACLE_SID,这些一定要与安装的时候的参数一致喔。
2、然而就在我第一次用sqlplus,scott用户登录的时候,就报错了
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0
网上查了一下,应该是数据库实例没有启动,于是我就dbstart $ORACLE_HOME,但是
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
我只好先sqlplus / as sysdba,然后在startup。
3、listener.ora的设置。这里也颇费周章,不知道为什么一开始没有设置好,反正原先只有
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
这明显是不可能起得来的。所以在前面添加了几行
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /var/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl.styx)
(ORACLE_HOME = /var/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl.styx)
)
)
于是这番,然后把之前的那个TCP连接的HOST改成数据库主机的IP,就可以远程访问数据库了。
4、我在客户端上用sqldeveloper连接数据库主机的sys用户,总是提示用户名密码不正确,我检查了好几遍依然不见好转,,忽然在网上看到,密码文件要跟数据库实例的名字一致,于是找到$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/,看了下文件名,密码文件应该就是orapworcl没错了,orapw就是密码文件的前缀,orcl应该是个实例名……可是我的实例叫orcl.styx啊,估计就是这里的问题了!
$ cp orapworcl orapworcl.styx
然后在sqlplus / as sysdba里面
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 849530880 bytes
Fixed Size 1339824 bytes
Variable Size 499125840 bytes
Database Buffers 343932928 bytes
Redo Buffers 5132288 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
然后就可以正常使用远程访问了,如果不修改,可以用除了sysdba之外的帐号访问,比如scott之类,但是sysdba会被提示密码错误。
好像遇到的就这些问题吧,还有就是不能自己启动,要自己手动startup,然后dbstart也不能用,不知道怎么回事。

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