解决执行Oracle控制脚本时遇到的 “cat: /etc/oratab: 没有那个文件或目录”的问题-Mysql Tutorial-php.cn

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解决执行Oracle控制脚本时遇到的 “cat: /etc/oratab: 没有那个文件或目录”的问题

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Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:00 PM

1问题描述：近日根据网上别人的相应脚本，在虚拟机上测试设置Oracle控制脚本的时候遇到如下问题：在创建了Oracle控制脚本后，执行

1问题描述：
近日根据网上别人的相应脚本，在虚拟机上测试设置Oracle控制脚本的时候遇到如下问题：

在创建了Oracle控制脚本后，执行如下启动命令时报错：

# services oracle9i stop

错误信息如下：

cat: /etc/oratab: 没有那个文件或目录

2错误分析
不使用创建的服务控制脚本执行Oracle数据库的停止命令，而是直接使用Oracle的相关指令直接执行，，进行逐条检查。

1) 关闭Oracle监听

# su - oracle -c "/opt/ora9/product/9.2/bin/lsnrctl stop"

执行没问题，正常通过。

2) 关闭Oracle数据库

#su - oracle -c "/opt/ora9/product/9.2/bin/dbshut"

执行这条语句的时候出现上述错误，即“cat: /etc/oratab: 没有那个文件或目录”

进而，确定是执行指令dbshut 时引起错误。

3) 打开dbshut 指令查看，发现了引起错误的语句：

###################################

# usage: dbshut

# This script is used to shutdown ORACLE from /etc/rc(.local).

# It should ONLY be executed as part of the system boot procedure.

#####################################

ORATAB=/etc/oratab

4) 查看相应的文件

# find /etc/oratab

find: /etc/oratab: 没有那个文件或目录

这个文件居然不存在，确定是由于该文件的丢失引起的原因。

5) 通过如下指令查看该文件是否在系统其它地方

# find / -name “oratab”

结果居然没找到。

估计是当初安装Oracle的遗留问题。

3 解决方案
由于该文件已经丢失，所以到另外一台安装了同样版本的Oracle的服务器上查询相应的文件，果然找到了相应的文件，内容如下：

# This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh

# and updated by the Database Configuration Assistant when creating

# a database.

# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates

# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.

# Entries are of the form:

# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME::

# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home

# directory of the database respectively. The third filed indicates

# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,

# "N", be brought up at system boot time.

# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.

# *:/opt/ora9/product/9.2:N

*:/opt/ora9/product/9.2:N

oracle:/opt/ora9/product/9.2:N

demo:/opt/ora9/product/9.2:N

下面的操作就简单了，拷贝该服务器上的文件到相应的目录即可。

注意：拷贝完以后一定记得要修改相应的内容。

P.S.
对于oratab文件的说明：
1.只在Linux环境中存在
2.设置格式：:: 示例：oracle:/opt/ora9/product/9.2:N
3.可以为不同的数据库设置相应的选项
4.如果想用$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart脚本来启动数据库，则需要将/etc/oratab文件中相应的数据库的项置为Y，
简单的说即dbstart脚本根据oratab文件中的配置决定启动哪几个数据库。
5.如果不使用dbstart脚本启动数据库，而是用自己的脚本来启动，那么根本不用关心oratab文件。

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