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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialLinux下修改Oracle数据库的sid和dbname

有时我们需要修改数据库的sid和dbname,除了使用rman进行备份恢复之外,也可以通过手工方式修改,主要由两个主要过程完成:1、修

有时我们需要修改数据库的sid和dbname,,除了使用rman进行备份恢复之外,也可以通过手工方式修改,主要由两个主要过程完成:
1、修改实例名(SID)
2、修改数据库名(dbname)

下面演示将数据库sid和dbname由orcl修改为cnhtm的过程:

1、修改实例名(sid)

1.1、检查原来的数据库实例名(sid)

Oracle@oracle[/home/oracle]> echo $ORACLE_SID
orcl
oracle@oracle[/home/oracle]> sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Dec 20 11:14:49 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
sys@ORCL> select instance from v$thread;
INSTANCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
orcl

1.2、关闭数据库

注意不能用shutdown abort,只能是shutdown immediate或shutdown normal

sys@ORCL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
sys@ORCL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

1.3、修改oracle用户的ORACLE_SID环境变量,如由orcl修改为cnhtm

oracle@oracle[/home/oracle]> cat ~/.bash_profile|grep -i sid
ORACLE_SID=cnhtm
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH

1.4、修改/etc/oratab文件,将sid名由旧的修改为新的,如从orcl修改为cnhtm

oracle@oracle[/home/oracle]> cat /etc/oratab
......
cnhtm:/oracle/app/10.1:Y
+ASM:/oracle/app/10.1:Y

1.5、进入到$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录

将所有文件名中包含原来的sid的修改为对应的新sid的
如我对如下文件修改为其后对应的文件

hc_orcl.dat->hc_cnhtm.dat
lkORCL->lkCNHTM
orapworcl->orapwcnhtm
snapcf_orcl.f->snapcf_cnhtm.f
spfileorcl.ora->spfilecnhtm.ora

1.6、使新修改的ORACLE_SID环境变量生效

oracle@oracle[/oracle/app/10.1/dbs]> . ~/.bash_profile
oracle@oracle[/oracle/app/10.1/dbs]> echo $ORACLE_SID
cnhtm

1.7、重建口令文件

因为口令文件改名后不能在新实例中使用,所以重建

oracle@oracle[/oracle/app/10.1/dbs]> orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=oracle entries=5 force=y
oracle@oracle[/oracle/app/10.1/dbs]> ls -lrt orapw*
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2048 Dec 20 11:27 orapwcnhtm

1.8、启动数据库

oracle@oracle[/oracle/app/10.1/dbs]> sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Dec 20 11:29:53 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
idle> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1218292 bytes
Variable Size 62916876 bytes
Database Buffers 96468992 bytes
Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

1.9、检查数据库实例名

通过如下语句检查数据库实例名,发现实例名已经由orcl变成cnhtm

idle> select instance from v$thread;
INSTANCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cnhtm

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