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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialOracle数据库异常关闭后无法启动问题处理

某系统突然掉电,系统启动后发现 oracle 无法启动。启动时报如下错误:ORA-01102 cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode出现1

某系统突然掉电,系统启动后发现 Oracle 无法启动。启动时报如下错误:

ORA-01102 cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode
出现1102错误可能有以下几种可能:

一、在HA系统中,已经有其他节点启动了实例,将双机共享的资源(如磁盘阵列上的裸设备)占用了;

二、说明 oracle 被异常关闭时,,有资源没有被释放,一般有以下几种可能,

1、 oracle 的共享内存段或信号量没有被释放;

2、 oracle 的后台进程(如SMON、PMON、DBWn等)没有被关闭;

3、 用于锁内存的文件lk和sgadef.dbf文件没有被删除。

首先,虽然我们的系统是HA系统,但是备节点的实例始终处在关闭状态,这点通过在备节点上查数据库状态可以证实。

其次、是因系统掉电引起数据库宕机的,系统在接电后被重启,因此我们排除了第二种可能种的1、2点。最可疑的就是第3点了。

查$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录:

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
$ ls sgadef*
sgadef* not found
$ ls lk*
lkORA92
果然,lk文件没有被删除。将它删除掉

$ rm lk*
再启动数据库,成功。

如果怀疑是共享内存没有被释放,可以用以下命令查看:

$ipcs -mop
IPC status from /dev/kmem as of Thu Jul 6 14:41:43 2006
T ID KEY MODE OWNER GROUP NATTCH CPID LPID
Shared Memory:
m 0 0×411c29d6 –rw-rw-rw- root root 0 899 899
m 1 0×4e0c0002 –rw-rw-rw- root root 2 899 901
m 2 0×4120007a –rw-rw-rw- root root 2 899 901
m 458755 0×0c6629c9 –rw-r—– root sys 2 9113 17065
m 4 0×06347849 –rw-rw-rw- root root 1 1661 9150
m 65541 0xffffffff –rw-r–r– root root 0 1659 1659
m 524294 0×5e100011 –rw——- root root 1 1811 1811
m 851975 0×5fe48aa4 –rw-r—– oracle oinstall 66 2017 25076
然后它ID号清除共享内存段:

$ipcrm –m 851975
对于信号量,可以用以下命令查看:

$ ipcs -sop
IPC status from /dev/kmem as of Thu Jul 6 14:44:16 2006
T ID KEY MODE OWNER GROUP
Semaphores:
s 0 0×4f1c0139 –ra——- root root
… …
s 14 0×6c200ad8 –ra-ra-ra- root root
s 15 0×6d200ad8 –ra-ra-ra- root root
s 16 0×6f200ad8 –ra-ra-ra- root root
s 17 0xffffffff –ra-r–r– root root
s 18 0×410c05c7 –ra-ra-ra- root root
s 19 0×00446f6e –ra-r–r– root root
s 20 0×00446f6d –ra-r–r– root root
s 21 0×00000001 –ra-ra-ra- root root
s 45078 0×67e72b58 –ra-r—– oracle oinstall
根据信号量ID,用以下命令清除信号量:

$ipcrm -s 45078
如果是 oracle 进程没有关闭,用以下命令查出存在的 oracle 进程:

$ ps -ef|grep ora
oracle 29976 1 0 Jun 22 ? 0:52 ora_dbw0_ora92
oracle 29978 1 0 Jun 22 ? 0:51 ora_dbw1_ora92
oracle 5128 1 0 Jul 5 ? 0:00 oracleora92 (LOCAL=NO)
… …
然后用kill -9命令杀掉进程

$kill -9
总结:

当发生1102错误时,可以按照以下流程检查、排错:

1.如果是HA系统,检查其他节点是否已经启动实例;
2.检查 oracle 进程是否存在,如果存在则杀掉进程;
3.检查信号量是否存在,如果存在,则清除信号量;
4.检查共享内存段是否存在,如果存在,则清除共享内存段;
5.检查锁内存文件lk和sgadef.dbf是否存在,如果存在,则删除。

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