A.硬件配置要求 安装Oracle 9i要求的最低硬件配置如下: Memory:512MB Swap space:1G Disk space: Database s
A.硬件配置要求
安装Oracle 9i要求的最低硬件配置如下:
Memory:512MB
Swap space:1G
Disk space: Database software:3.5G;seed database:1G
Temporary disk space:400MB in /tmp
1. 如果swap不够,执行下面:
#mkfile 1000m filename
#swap -a filename
#swap -l
note: swap选项: -a表示增加,-l表list, -d表delete.
2. 临时目录/tmp不够:
# mkdir tmp
# chmod 777 tmp
# set TEMP=/tmp; export TEMP
# set TMPDIR=/tmp ;export TEMP
B.设置系统参数:
1。配置系统信息:
#vi /etc/system
添加下面
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax=268435456
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin=1
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmni=100
set shmsys:shminfo_shmseg=10
set semsys:seminfo_semmni=110
set semsys:seminfo_semmns=1024
2。设置用户/组
#groupadd dba
#useradd -g dba -d /export/home/oracle -m oracle
#passwd //设定密码。
3. 退出root, 启动 user oracle
#su - oracle
#vi .profile
添加下面:
ORACLE_BASE=/export/home/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/9.0
ORACLE_SID=9i
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin
TMPDIR=/var/tmp
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH TMPDIR LD_LIBRARY_PATH
DISPLAY=172.16.244.83:0.0
export DISPLAY
umask 022
执行.profile, 让其生效。
#./.profile
#sync
#sync //同步。
#su
#reboot
C.用oracle用户登陆系统,下载ORACLE软件,地址如下:
选择:Oracle9iDatabase Release 2 Enterprise Edition for Sun SPARC Solaris (64-bit)
下载三个文件:
solaris64_9.2.0.1.0.disk1.cpio.gz
solaris64_9.2.0.1.0.disk3.cpio.gz
solaris64_9.2.0.1.0.disk2.cpio.gz
1. gunzip solaris64_9.2.0.1.0.disk1.cpio.gz, 用gunzip解包
2. 用cpio -idmv 将三个文件按照这个顺序都导出来
D.安装
1。打开Disk1,运行runinstaller
$./runinstaller
2.开始安装,时间比较长,其中会提示换盘,在提示中要修改PATH为:/$SOURCEFILE/disk2 & /$SOURCEFILE/disk3
3.根据提示一一下一步, 在安装完成时候,,会让你用root运行,/$oraclehome/bin/root.sh
4.运行完后,在点击ok, 继续安装。
5。全部完成后,设置数据库sys,system密码。
6。用sqlplus 检验。
$ sqlplus /nolog
$ connect / as sysdba
$ startup (or shutdown)
启动监听
$lsnrctl start
停止监听
$lsnrctl stop
E. Oracle服务器在操作系统启动时自动开始
1. 修改文件/var/opt/oracle/oratab
#su -oracle
$ cd /var/opt/oracle
$ vi oratab //将ota:/home/oracle/product/9.2:N中最后的N修改为Y
2. 编写启动脚本/etc/init.d/dbora
#su - root
$ cd /etc/init.d
$ vi dbora
ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/product/9.2
ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
if [ ! "$1" ]; then echo "no parameter"; exit; fi
if [ ! -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORACLE_HOME]
then
echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"
exit
fi
case "$1" in
'start')
su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart"
su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "Isnrctl start listener"
;;
'stop')
su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut &"
su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "lsnrctl stop listener &"
sleep 30 #give datebase some time to shutdown
;;
esac
$ ln -s /etc/init.d/dbora /etc/rc0.d/K10dbora
$ ln -s /etc/init.d/dbora /etc/rc2.d/S99dbora
$ reboot // 重启系统检查

方法:1、利用“select*from user_indexes where table_name=表名”语句查询表中索引;2、利用“select*from all_indexes where table_name=表名”语句查询所有索引。

oracle asm指的是“自动存储管理”,是一种卷管理器,可自动管理磁盘组并提供有效的数据冗余功能;它是做为单独的Oracle实例实施和部署。asm的优势:1、配置简单、可最大化推动数据库合并的存储资源利用;2、支持BIGFILE文件等。

在oracle中,可以利用“TO_SINGLE_BYTE(String)”将全角转换为半角;“TO_SINGLE_BYTE”函数可以将参数中所有多字节字符都替换为等价的单字节字符,只有当数据库字符集同时包含多字节和单字节字符的时候有效。

在Oracle中,可利用lsnrctl命令查询端口号,该命令是Oracle的监听命令;在启动、关闭或重启oracle监听器之前可使用该命令检查oracle监听器的状态,语法为“lsnrctl status”,结果PORT后的内容就是端口号。

方法:1、利用“LOWER(字段值)”将字段转为小写,或者利用“UPPER(字段值)”将字段转为大写;2、利用“REGEXP_LIKE(字符串,正则表达式,'i')”,当参数设置为“i”时,说明进行匹配不区分大小写。

在oracle中,可以利用“drop sequence sequence名”来删除sequence;sequence是自动增加数字序列的意思,也就是序列号,序列号自动增加不能重置,因此需要利用drop sequence语句来删除序列。

在oracle中,可以利用“select ... From all_tab_columns where table_name=upper('表名') AND owner=upper('数据库登录用户名');”语句查询数据库表的数据类型。

方法:1、利用“alter system set sessions=修改后的数值 scope=spfile”语句修改session参数;2、修改参数之后利用“shutdown immediate – startup”语句重启服务器即可生效。


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