to_date()与24小时制表示法及mm分钟的显示: 一、在使用Oracle的to_date函数来做日期转换时,很多Java程序员也许会直接的采用ld
to_date()与24小时制表示法及mm分钟的显示:
一、在使用Oracle的to_date函数来做日期转换时,很多Java程序员也许会直接的采用“yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss”的格式作为格式进行转换,但是在Oracle中会引起错误:“ORA 01810 格式代码出现两次”。
如:select to_date('2005-01-01 13:14:20','yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mm:ss') from dual;
原因是SQL中不区分大小写,MM和mm被认为是相同的格式代码,所以Oracle的SQL采用了mi代替分钟。
select to_date('2005-01-01 13:14:20','yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') from dual;
二、另要以24小时的形式显示出来要用HH24
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mi:ss') from dual;//mi是分钟
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-MM-dd HH24:mm:ss') from dual;//mm会显示月份
oracle中的to_date参数含义
1.日期格式参数含义说明
D 一周中的星期几
DAY 天的名字,使用空格填充到9个字符
DD 月中的第几天
DDD 年中的第几天
DY 天的简写名
IW ISO标准的年中的第几周
IYYY ISO标准的四位年份
YYYY 四位年份
YYY,YY,Y 年份的最后三位,两位,一位
HH 小时,按12小时计
HH24 小时,,按24小时计
MI 分
SS 秒
MM 月
Mon 月份的简写
Month 月份的全名
W 该月的第几个星期
WW 年中的第几个星期 1.日期时间间隔操作
当前时间减去7分钟的时间
select sysdate,sysdate - interval ’7’ MINUTE from dual
当前时间减去7小时的时间
select sysdate - interval ’7’ hour from dual
当前时间减去7天的时间
select sysdate - interval ’7’ day from dual
当前时间减去7月的时间
select sysdate,sysdate - interval ’7’ month from dual
当前时间减去7年的时间
select sysdate,sysdate - interval ’7’ year from dual
时间间隔乘以一个数字
select sysdate,sysdate - 8 *interval ’2’ hour from dual
2.日期到字符操作
select sysdate,to_char(sysdate,’yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss’) from dual
select sysdate,to_char(sysdate,’yyyy-mm-dd hh:mi:ss’) from dual
select sysdate,to_char(sysdate,’yyyy-ddd hh:mi:ss’) from dual
select sysdate,to_char(sysdate,’yyyy-mm iw-d hh:mi:ss’) from dual
参考oracle的相关关文档(ORACLE901DOC/SERVER.901/A90125/SQL_ELEMENTS4.HTM#48515)
3. 字符到日期操作
select to_date(’2003-10-17 21:15:37’,’yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss’) from dual
具体用法和上面的to_char差不多。
4. trunk/ ROUND函数的使用
select trunc(sysdate ,’YEAR’) from dual
select trunc(sysdate ) from dual
select to_char(trunc(sysdate ,’YYYY’),’YYYY’) from dual
5.oracle有毫秒级的数据类型
--返回当前时间 年月日小时分秒毫秒
select to_char(current_timestamp(5),’DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SSxFF’) from dual;
--返回当前时间的秒毫秒,可以指定秒后面的精度(最大=9)
select to_char(current_timestamp(9),’MI:SSxFF’) from dual;
6.计算程序运行的时间(ms)
declare
type rc is ref cursor;
l_rc rc;
l_dummy all_objects.object_name%type;
l_start number default dbms_utility.get_time;
begin
for I in 1 .. 1000
loop
open l_rc for
’select object_name from all_objects ’||
’where object_id = ’ || i;
fetch l_rc into l_dummy;
close l_rc;
end loop;
dbms_output.put_line
( round( (dbms_utility.get_time-l_start)/100, 2 ) ||
’ seconds...’ );
end;

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