使用Procwatcher监控Oracle数据库锁定Contention-Mysql Tutorial-php.cn

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使用Procwatcher监控Oracle数据库锁定Contention

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Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:49 PM

oracle database

数据库锁定Contention是我们在实际中经常遇到的问题。严重的Contention可能会引起整体数据库性能衰减，乃至连接失败。实际生产如

数据库锁定Contention是我们在实际中经常遇到的问题。严重的Contention可能会引起整体数据库性能衰减，乃至连接失败。实际生产如果出现Contention，通常是比较紧急的情况，快速定位错误问题，解决问题是运维人员的挑战。

Contention出现的原因很多，但总的来说有两个大的类型，一个是数据库本身后台进程之间协调故障，另一个是应用程序或者用户操作导致的等待锁定。前者通常是由于Oracle Bug引起的，后者是由于不成熟的设计开发引起的。

Contention锁定通常是进程之间的关系，所以解决问题的通法常常是利用oradebug和操作系统本身携带的Trace监控工具。对初学者而言，在紧急情况下使用这些工具常常是比较困难的。所以，Oracle推出了Procwatcher工具脚本，来进行统一的锁定分析工作。

Procwatcher可以从MOS官方网站进行下载，对应的文档ID为：459694.1。本篇主要介绍Procwatcher工具安装和使用。

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CentOS 5.2 x86 安装Oracle 11g R2 笔记

在CentOS 6.4下安装Oracle 11gR2(x64)

Oracle 11gR2 在VMWare虚拟机中安装步骤

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1、环境介绍

我们使用的操作系统环境是Red Hat Linux 6.5。

[root@SimpleLinux /]# uname -r

2.6.32-431.el6.i686

2、Procwatcher安装配置

从MOS上下载的脚本是一个zip包，笔者版本为：prw_12.1.13.11.1.zip。在Linux中，创建专门目录进行上传。

[root@SimpleLinux ~]# cd /

[root@SimpleLinux /]# mkdir prw

[root@SimpleLinux /]# chown oracle:oinstall prw

[root@SimpleLinux /]# ls -l | grep prw

drwxr-xr-x. 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 30 09:12 prw

使用sftp客户端上传zip包。

[root@SimpleLinux prw]# ls -l

total 36

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 36203 Apr 30 09:16 prw_12.1.13.11.1.zip

[root@SimpleLinux prw]# unzip prw_12.1.13.11.1.zip

Archive: prw_12.1.13.11.1.zip

inflating: prw.sh

[root@SimpleLinux prw]# ls -l

total 220

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 36203 Apr 30 09:16 prw_12.1.13.11.1.zip

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 187245 Nov 26 23:12 prw.sh

[root@SimpleLinux prw]# chown oracle:oinstall *

[root@SimpleLinux prw]# ls -l

total 220

-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 36203 Apr 30 09:16 prw_12.1.13.11.1.zip

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 187245 Nov 26 23:12 prw.sh

prw.sh就是工具的唯一实体，，可以执行脚本来进行操作。

使用Procwatcher是需要操作系统环境检查，首先要求执行用户PATH中包括/usr/bin和/bin目录。

[oracle@SimpleLinux ~]$ env | grep PATH

PATH=/usr/lib/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/oracle/bin:/u01/app/oracle/bin

MODULEPATH=/usr/share/Modules/modulefiles:/etc/modulefiles

环境变量中包括标准的$ORACLE_系列。

[oracle@SimpleLinux ~]$ env | grep ORA

ORACLE_SID=ora11g

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle

执行用户要求是Oracle owner用户。如果是cluster（RAC）或者多个oracle user的情况，可以使用root来执行。

操作系统中必须包括系统调试工具。列表如下：

Linux - /usr/bin/gdb

HP-UX and HP Itanium - /opt/langtools/bin/gdb64 or /usr/ccs/bin/gdb64

Sun - /usr/bin/pstack

IBM AIX - /bin/procstack or /bin/dbx

HP Tru64 - /bin/ladebug

[oracle@SimpleLinux ~]$ rpm -qa | grep gdb

gdb-7.2-60.el6_4.1.i686

gdbm-1.8.0-36.el6.i686

eggdbus-0.6-3.el6.i686

gdbm-devel-1.8.0-36.el6.i686

执行脚本prw.sh，可以自动的进行进程级别的数据收集。可以调用参数help来进行帮助信息。

[oracle@SimpleLinux prw]$ ./prw.sh help

Usage: prw.sh

Verbs are:

start [all] - Start Procwatcher on local node, if 'all' is specified, start on all nodes

stop [all] - Stop Procwatcher on local node, if 'all' is specified, stop on all nodes

stat - Check the current status of Procwatcher

pack - Package up Procwatcher files (on all nodes) to upload to support

param - Check current Procwatcher parameters

log [number] - See the last [number] lines of the procwatcher log file

log [runtime] - See contiuous procwatcher log file info - use Cntrl-C to break

help - What you are looking at...

参数调用是比较简单的，通过帮助信息可以了解使用的方法。相对于oradebug和操作系统层面的调用，易用性要好得多。使用stat参数，可以来查看脚本当前运行情况。

[oracle@SimpleLinux prw]$ ./prw.sh stat

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: PROCWATCHER VERSION: 12.1.13.11.1

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: ### Parameters ###

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: EXAMINE_CLUSTER=false

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: EXAMINE_BG=true

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: PRWPERM=777

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: RETENTION=7

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: WARNINGEMAIL=

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: INTERVAL=60

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: THROTTLE=5

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: IDLECPU=3

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: SIDLIST=

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: ### Advanced Parameters (non-default) ###

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: ### End Parameters ###

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: Procwatcher is not running on local node SimpleLinux

Wed Apr 30 09:25:46 CST 2014: Procwatcher files are be written to: /prw

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