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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial 3. SQL Server数据库状态监控

数据库用来存放数据,那么肯定需要存储空间,所以对磁盘空间的监视自然就很有必要了。一.磁盘可用空间1.操作系统命令或脚本、接口或工具(1)DOS命令:fsutilvolume

数据库用来存放数据,那么肯定需要存储空间,所以对磁盘空间的监视自然就很有必要了。

一. 磁盘可用空间

1. 操作系统命令或脚本、接口或工具

(1) DOS命令: fsutil volume diskfree

C:\windows\system32>fsutil volume diskfree C:

Total # of free bytes        : 9789493248

Total # of bytes             : 64424505344

Total # of avail free bytes  : 9789493248

这里用到了fsutil,一个文件系统管理工具(file system utility),应该还有其他一些命令或者脚本也是可以的。


(2) WMI/WMIC: wmic logicaldisk

WMI是个Windows系统的管理接口,在WMIC出现之前,如果要利用WMI管理系统,必须使用一些专门的WMI应用,例如SMS,或者使用WMI的脚本编程API,或者使用象CIM Studio之类的工具。如果不熟悉C++之类的编程语言或VBScript之类的脚本语言,或者不掌握WMI名称空间的基本知识,要用WMI管理系统是很困难的。WMIC改变了这种情况,它为WMI名称空间提供了一个强大的、友好的命令行接口。

C:\windows\system32>wmic logicaldisk get caption,freespace,size

Caption  FreeSpace     Size

C:       9789071360    64424505344

D:       189013438464  255331397632

这里通过wmic的get命令获取了logicaldisk 的几个参数列。


(3) 性能监视器

LogicalDisk: %Free Space

LogicalDisk: Free Megabytes

总大小 = LogicalDisk: Free Megabytes/ LogicalDisk: %Free Space

性能监视器虽然用于现场诊断还是挺方便的,但实现自动化监控,并不太好用。


2. SQL 语句

(1) 扩展存储过程xp_cmdshell (还是在调用操作系统命令)

DECLARE @Drive TINYINT,       @SQL VARCHAR(100) DECLARE @Drives TABLE ( Drive CHAR(1), Info VARCHAR(80) ) SET @Drive = 97 WHILE @Drive xp_cmdshell可以执行操作系统命令行,这段脚本用fsutil volume diskfree命令对26个字母的盘符遍历了一遍,不是很好,改用wmic会方便些,如下:EXEC xp_cmdshell 'wmic logicaldisk get caption,freespace,size';


(2) 扩展存储过程xp_fixeddrives

--exec xp_fixeddrives IF object_id('tempdb..#drivefreespace') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #drivefreespace CREATE TABLE #drivefreespace(Drive CHAR(1), FreeMb bigint) INSERT #drivefreespace EXEC ('exec xp_fixeddrives') SELECT * FROM #drivefreespace

Drive       FreeMb

C       9316

D       180013


总算不依赖操作系统命令了,不过,这个存储过程只能返回磁盘可用空间,没有磁盘总空间。


(3) DMV/DMF: sys.dm_os_volume_stats

SELECT DISTINCT        @@SERVERNAME as [server]       ,volume_mount_point as drive       ,cast(available_bytes/ 1024.0 / 1024.0 / 1024.0 AS INT) as free_gb       ,cast(total_bytes / 1024.0 / 1024.0 / 1024.0 AS INT) as total_gb FROM sys.master_files AS f CROSS APPLY sys.dm_os_volume_stats(f.database_id, f.file_id) ORDER BY @@SERVERNAME, volume_mount_point


server       drive       free_gb       total_gb

…       C:\       9       59

…       D:\       175       237


从SQL Server 2008 R2 SP1开始,有了这个很好用的DMF: sys.dm_os_volume_stats,弥补了之前xp_fixeddrives没有磁盘总空间的不足。

不过,看它的参数就可以知道,没被任何数据库使用的磁盘,是查看不了的,所以xp_fixeddrives还有存在的必要。


二. 数据库可用空间

1. 文件可用空间查看

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