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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialOracle数据库备份加密 RMAN加密

oracle数据库备份加密,通过加密,可以保护备份文件,防止备份泄漏资料。 oracle备份加密主要是指RMAN的加密,EXP/EXPDP加密是没

Oracle数据库备份加密,通过加密,可以保护备份文件,防止备份泄漏资料。
oracle备份加密主要是指RMAN的加密,EXP/EXPDP加密是没有的。

RMAN加密主要有以下几种方式:
1.口令模式加密
RMAN> SET ENCRYPTION ON IDENTIFIED BY "PASSWORD" ONLY;
RMAN> backup as compressed  backupset database format 'D:\oracle\backup\full_%d_%T_%t_%s' tag='fullbak';
此时恢复数据库会报错,需要制定恢复密码才可以继续进行。
RMAN> SET DECRYPTION IDENTIFIED BY "PASSWORD";

2.透明数据加密模式:
透明数据库加密模式需要使用Wallet,
Wallet配置:
1.更新 sqlnet.ora 文件以包含一个 ENCRYPTED_WALLET_LOCATION 条目。
打开$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin目录下的sqlnet.ora添加以下条目:
ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION=(SOURCE=(METHOD=FILE)(METHOD_DATA=(DIRECTORY=D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\admin)))
指定万能加密密钥创建的目录。
2.创建万能加密密钥
sqlplus /nolog
connect / as sysdba
alter system set key identified by "welcome1";
关闭数据库后需要重新打开密钥
alter database set wallet open identified by "welcome1"

wallet创建好之后,rman备份可以用Wallet选项来备份。
RMAN> configure encryption for database on;
RMAN> set encryption on;
RMAN> backup as compressed  backupset database format 'D:\oracle\backup\full_%d_%T_%t_%s' tag='fullbak';
恢复时如果wallet关闭则恢复会报错,需要先打开wallet;

3混合模式:
混合模式是同时启用Wallet和口令密码:在本机模式下,恢复使用Wallet;在异地恢复时,则需要提供口令恢复
混合模式密码设置:
RMAN> SET ENCRYPTION ON INDENTIFIED BY "PASSWORD";

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