主从配置是MongoDB特色之一,使之具备了容错,故障恢复等性能。主节点要声明master,从节点们要声明slave和--source。
MongoDB是最易用的NoSQL,比较适合取代MySQL做一些存储,不过不是强一致性的。本文介绍一下MongoDB各种部署方式,,并分享一些感受。前两部分“单机部署”和“主从部署”是“分片部署”的基础。
MongoDB单机部署
启动下载来的MongoDB包的bin目录下的mongod.exe即可打开MongoDB服务,可以添加的基本配置是:
./mongod.exe --dbpath ~/db/data --port 127.0.0.1:10000 --logpath ~/db/log
默认的端口是27017。启动的时候必须有一个data目录,让mongod读写数据。写入数据后,data目录里的文件如图:
.lock文件如果在下次启动时候还存在,需要删除才能成功启动。"article"和"config"是数据库名字,可以特别注意一下每个文件块的大小(16M, 32M, 64M, 128M)。
MongoDB主从部署
主从配置是MongoDB特色之一,使之具备了容错,故障恢复等性能。主节点要声明"master",从节点们要声明"slave"和"--source"。最简单的主从配置如下:
./mongod.exe --dbpath ~/db/master --port 10000 --master
./mongod.exe --dbpath ~/db/slave --port 10001 --slave --source localhost:10001
从节点直接从主节点同步数据,从节点之间不互相同步。容错性更强的部署是一个主从集群,互相都能成为“主节点”,叫做Replica Set。在Replica Set里会有一个活跃节点和若干个备份节点。配置的时候,整个Replica Set要取个名字,然后每台都要指明一个或几个伙伴:
./mongod.exe --dbpath ~/db/node1 --port 10001 --replSet setname/localhost:10002
./mongod.exe --dbpath ~/db/node2 --port 10002 --replSet setname/localhost:10001
./mongod.exe --dbpath ~/db/node3 --port 10003 --replSet setname/localhost:10001
谁成为活跃节点取决于优先级,优先级默认是1,也可以启动mongod进行设置(不具体介绍了),总之是内部的选举机制。

Stored procedures are precompiled SQL statements in MySQL for improving performance and simplifying complex operations. 1. Improve performance: After the first compilation, subsequent calls do not need to be recompiled. 2. Improve security: Restrict data table access through permission control. 3. Simplify complex operations: combine multiple SQL statements to simplify application layer logic.

The working principle of MySQL query cache is to store the results of SELECT query, and when the same query is executed again, the cached results are directly returned. 1) Query cache improves database reading performance and finds cached results through hash values. 2) Simple configuration, set query_cache_type and query_cache_size in MySQL configuration file. 3) Use the SQL_NO_CACHE keyword to disable the cache of specific queries. 4) In high-frequency update environments, query cache may cause performance bottlenecks and needs to be optimized for use through monitoring and adjustment of parameters.

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MySQLclusteringenhancesdatabaserobustnessandscalabilitybydistributingdataacrossmultiplenodes.ItusestheNDBenginefordatareplicationandfaulttolerance,ensuringhighavailability.Setupinvolvesconfiguringmanagement,data,andSQLnodes,withcarefulmonitoringandpe

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TooptimizeMySQLperformance,followthesesteps:1)Implementproperindexingtospeedupqueries,2)UseEXPLAINtoanalyzeandoptimizequeryperformance,3)Adjustserverconfigurationsettingslikeinnodb_buffer_pool_sizeandmax_connections,4)Usepartitioningforlargetablestoi


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