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Oracle Instanc Client安装命令工具

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Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:45 PM

前提条件 1.Linux RHEL 6.X X86_64操作系统 2.能从安装Oracle服务器的服务器上获取Oracle相关的文件（相同OS）软件下载从Orac

前提条件

1.Linux RHEL 6.X X86_64操作系统

2.能从安装Oracle服务器的服务器上获取Oracle相关的文件（相同OS）

软件下载

从Oracle的网址下载下面的软件包：

1) instantclient-basic-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip (59.282MB）

2）instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip（815KB）

3）instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip（629KB）

4）instantclient-jdbc-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip（1.572MB）

Oracle软件包的下载网址如下：

配置过程

配置过程关键是环境变量的配置，请根据自己实际情况进行配置。

配置SQLPLUS

1.使用root用户登录，创建目录：mkdir -p /opt/oracle

2.将所有的软件包解压到/opt/oracle目录下：

# unzp instantclient-basic-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip-d /opt/oracle

注：所有文件将自动解压到/opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2目录下。

3.创建配置文件a

#vi /opt/oracle/instantclie_11_2/tnsnames.ora

CZJGBS =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 81.17.1.23)(PORT = 1521)) //需要连接的IP

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = czjgbs) //需要连接的实例

)

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = PLSExtProc)

(PRESENTATION = RO)

)

在需要使用Oracle功能的测试用户环境变量中添加如下配置：

# vi ~/.bashrc

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME:/usr/lib

export ORACLE_SID=czjgbs // (需要连接的实例名称)

注：TNS_ADMIN环境变量用于指定tnsnames.ora文件所在路径。

#source ~/.bashrc

测试sqlplus命令：

$ sqlplus scott/tiger@ora215

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Productionon 星期五 8月 3 10:41:44 2012

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise EditionRelease 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real ApplicationClusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

配置tnsping

回到root用户，在其它Oracle机器上获取必要的文件。

# cd /opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2/

# scp root@192.168.21.16:/oracle/orahome/product/11.2.0/bin/tnsping./

上面的命令是从其他安装Oracle服务器的服务器上拷贝文件过来。

# mkdir -p network/mesg

# cd network/mesg

# scp root@192.168.21.16:/oracle/orahome/product/11.2.0/network/mesg/tnsus.msb./

测试tnsping工具：

$tnsping ora16

配置SQLLDR

Oracle的InstantClient自带没有sqlldr巩固，也需要从Oracle服务器上获取相关文件。

使用root用户登录：

# cd /opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2/

# scproot@192.168.21.16:/oracle/orahome/product/11.2.0/bin/sqlldr ./

# mkdir -p rdbms/mesg/

# cd rdbms/mesg/

# scp root@192.168.21.16:/oracle/orahome/product/11.2.0/rdbms/mesg/ulus.msb./

测试用户中运行sqlldr：

$sqlldr

配置IMP/EXP

使用root用户登录，从Oracle服务器上拷贝相关的文件过来。

# cd /opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2/

# scp 192.168.21.16:/oracle/orahome/product/11.2.0/bin/imp./

# scp192.168.21.16:/oracle/orahome/product/11.2.0/bin/exp ./

# cd rdbms/mesg/

# scp192.168.21.16:/oracle/orahome/product/11.2.0/rdbms/mesg/impus.msb ./

# scp 192.168.21.16:/oracle/orahome/product/10.2.0/rdbms/mesg/expus.msb./

附录

在Linux系统中安装Oracle客户端InstantClient，但是它缺少SQL*Loader、EXP等工具，本文描述如何安装这些命令工具。

直接从相同版本的数据库服务器的安装路径中拷贝sqlldr可执行文件过来，执行sqlldr会报如下错误：

Message 2100 notfound; No message file for product=RDBMS, facility=ULMessage 2100 not found; Nomessage file for product=RDBMS, facility=UL[etl@m1 instantclient_10_2]$^C

实际上，Instant Client安装sqlldr也只能使用拷贝文件的方式。报上面的错误是因为你还需要拷贝下面这些信息文件过来。

首先，从Oracle数据库服务器上找到$ORACLE_HOME/network/mesg下的tnsus.msb文件，，以及$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg下的ulus.msb文件。

然后，把它们拷贝到InstantClient的安装目录中的相应目录下。例如：/usr/ocal/instantclient_10_2/[rdbms/mesg和network/mesg]。

现在你可以使用SQL*Loader工具了。

如何配置EXP和imp工具，如果只是拷贝可执行文件到对应的目录下，会报如下的错误：

Message 2100 notfound; No message file for product=RDBMS, facility=ULMessage 2100 not found; Nomessage file for product=RDBMS, facility=UL[etl@m1 instantclient_10_2]

此时，你需要从Oracle数据库服务器的安装目录中找到rdbms/mesg下的expus.msb和impus.msb，然后拷贝到对应的目录中文件即可解决。

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Oracle RAC 11.2（12C)正确关闭顺序

本文永久更新链接地址：

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