MYSQL-HA有很多的实现方案,比较常见的是master+keepalived来实现MySQL-HA,来进行实现;两台MYSQL互为主从关系,通过Keepalived
概述:
MySQL-HA有很多的实现方案,比较常见的是master+keepalived来实现MySQL-HA,来进行实现;两台MySQL互为主从关系,通过Keepalived配置虚拟IP,实现当其中的一台MySQL数据库宕机后,应用能够自动切换到另外一台MySQL数据库,保证系统的高可用;在实际的生产环境中,也是通过这个方案来部署的,相信应该有值得借鉴的地方;
2.环境说明
搭建MySQL的主主复制步骤(请看链接 )
主机名
IP地址
Mysql01
192.168.47.149
192.168.47.140
Mysql02
192.168.47.148
192.168.47.140
两台数据库上面设置相应的host文件
vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 Mysql01
localhost Mysql01
192.168.47.149 Mysql01
192.168.47.148 Mysql02
Keepalived的安装
3.1 #yum install keepalived –y
3.2 Mysql01进行参数文件的修改
cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
#! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id Mysql01 #修改为自己的主机名
}
##################第一部分###################
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #都修改成BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 60 #默认51 主从都修改为60
priority 100 #优先级(1-254之间),另一台改为90,,备用节点必须比主节点优先级低。
advert_int 1
nopreempt #不抢占资源,意思就是它活了之后也不会再把主抢回来
authentication {
#设置验证信息,两个节点必须一致
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.47.140
}
}
##################第二部分###################
virtual_server 192.168.47.140 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr #LVS算法
lb_kind DR #LVS模式
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50 #会话保持时间
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.47.149 3306 {
weight 1
notify_down /usr/local/script/mysql.sh #检测到服务down后执行的脚本
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10 #连接超时时间
nb_get_retry 3 #重连次数
connect_port 3306 #健康检查端口
}
}
}
3.3 Mysql02进行参数文件的修改
cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
#! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id Mysql02 #修改为自己的主机名
}
##################第一部分###################
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #都修改成BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 60 #默认51 主从都修改为60
priority 80 #在mysql-ha1上LVS上修改成100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.47.140
}
}
##################第二部分###################
virtual_server 192.168.47.140 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.47.140 3306 {
weight 1
notify_down /usr/local/script/mysql.sh #进行数据库状态的判断
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
参数说明:
virtual_ipaddress:虚拟IP地址(VIP)
interface :网卡设备名称
virtual_server VIP:及Mysql服务端口
real_server :真实服务器地址
3.4 分别走两台mysql数据库上面创建以下脚本,用于判断数据库的状态
vim /usr/local/script/mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
/etc/init.d/keepalived stop
/etc/init.d/keepalived start
3.5 keepalived的常用脚本
启动keepalived服务:service keepalived start
查看keepalived服务:service keepalived status
停止keepalived服务:service keepalived stop
3.6 进行测试
a) 使用PS命令检测服务运行状态
Ps -ef|grep keepalived
Ps -ef|grep mysql
b) 查看系统日志,确定keepalived运行正确
less /var/log/message
tail -f /var/log/messages
c) ip a查看keepalived的运行情况
注意事项:先启动mysql后启动keepalived。
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