本配置实现真正的mysql集群,使得在某台机子的mysql应用停止时,能让应用程序自动切换到另外一台机子的mysql连接,实现应用的高稳
背景:之前实现的mysql同步复制功能(见笔者之前文章 )只是双机热备功能,还不能做到Mysql链接的自动切换。
本配置实现真正的mysql集群,,使得在某台机子的mysql应用停止时,能让应用程序自动切换到另外一台机子的mysql连接,实现应用的高稳定性,并且使得扩展Mysql服务成为可能。
本配置使用mysql-mmm(master-master Replication Manager for MySQL)组件实现集群功能。
本次演示的配置使用三台机器,架构如下:
Master1 和Master2两台机器实现双机热备,其中一台机器的mysql服务停止或机器宕机,应用程序都会将数据库连接自动切换到另外一台机子。另外用一台机子实时备份master1的数据。
--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------
MySQL-MMM实现MySQL高可用
MySQL-MMM切换演示
mysql proxy、MySQL-MMM实现读写分离高可用性
将MySQL-MMM Master从REPLICATION_FAIL状态恢复
CentOS下利用MySQL-MMM实现MySQL高可用
--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------
1、安装mysql-mmm服务
在三台机器都安装
wget
rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
yum -y install mysql-mmm*
完成后查看 rpm -qa|grep mysql-mmm
有以下组件表示安装成功
Rhel5或centos5,32位:
Rhel6或centos6,32位:
Rhel6或centos6,64位:
1、添加mysql的用户
在三台机器都添加mysql用户,分别用于复制、
进入mysql服务mysql -u root -p
use mysql;
grant REPLICATION slave,REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* to 'repl'@'%' identified by 'password'; //建立复制用户
grant PROCESS,SUPER,REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'%' identified by 'password'; //建立agent用户
grant REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* to 'mmm_monitor'@'%' identified by 'password'; //建立用户
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
2、配置同步复制
配置复制的策略如架构图所示。
配置方法在我上一篇文章有介绍过,这里不再重复,见笔者之前文章
3、修改hosts
分别修改三台机器的hosts文件
vi /etc/hosts
添加
200.200.168.24 M1
200.200.168.25 M2
200.200.168.23 slave1
4、配置mysql-mmm
修改 /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf 各台机子的配置都一样
active_master_role writer
cluster_interface eth0
pid_path /var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_agentd.pid
bin_path /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/
replication_user repl
replication_password password
agent_user mmm_agent
agent_password password
ip 200.200.168.24
mode master
peer M2
ip 200.200.168.25
mode master
peer M1
ip 200.200.168.23
mode slave
hosts M1,M2
ips 200.200.168.26
mode exclusive
hosts M1,M2,slave1
ips 200.200.168.27
mode balanced
注意:200.200.168.26和200.200.168.27是两个虚拟的IP地址,供应用程序调用,只需用两个没人占用的IP就可以,分别用来提供写和读服务,为以后实现数据库的读写分离(但实现读写分离需要修改应用程序,mysql并不能自动识别并切换)。
修改/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
三台机器分别设置为this M1、this M2、this slave1
修改/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf
只是monitor(200.200.168.24)机子需要配置
include mmm_common.conf
ip 127.0.0.1
pid_path /var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.pid
bin_path /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm
status_path /var/lib/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.status
ping_ips 200.200.168.24,200.200.168.25,200.200.168.23
auto_set_online 10
# The kill_host_bin does not exist by default, though the monitor will
# throw a warning about it missing. See the section 5.10 "Kill Host
# Functionality" in the PDF documentation.
#
# kill_host_bin /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/monitor/kill_host
#
monitor_user mmm_monitor
monitor_password password
debug 0
配置完成后运行
三台机子都需运行:
/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent start
Monitor机子运行
/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-monitor start
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