成本的相对廉价,技术的成熟,功能的强大此方案将越来越受中小企业的青睐。 一.实验前准备 虚拟机版本:VMware server1.0.6 Linu
成本的相对廉价,技术的成熟,功能的强大此方案将越来越受中小企业的青睐。
一.实验前准备
虚拟机版本:VMware server1.0.6
Linux版本:RedHat 5.5 Enterprise服务器版
Oralce版本:Oracle 10g 10.2.1
Oracle集群软件:Clusterware
VMware Workstation版本在共享磁盘上没有很好的解决办法。VMware server在Windows7安装可能存在一定的驱动问题。本实验是在xp系统上完成,下图给出虚拟机的ip及主机名配置
Node1:主机名rac1
网卡1ip192.168.100.100
网卡2ip192.168.200.100
虚拟ip192.168.2.100
Node2主机名rac2
网卡1ip192.168.100.101
网卡2ip192.168.200.101
虚拟ip192.168.2.101
在CentOS 6.4下安装Oracle 11gR2(x64)
Oracle 11gR2 在VMWare虚拟机中安装步骤
Debian 下 安装 Oracle 11g XE R2
二.虚拟机配置及linux安装
实验利用vware配置虚拟机只需要配置一台即主节点,在虚拟机中的配置如:
硬盘配置:
该配置是一个重点配置,默认配置一个磁盘,大小为20G该磁盘为rac1的服务器磁盘,包括了linux系统的安装及oracle软件的安装都在该磁盘上。
还需要分配其他四块磁盘:2:ocr,3:vote4,5:asm
其大小分别为100M,100M,2G,2G
磁盘分部为:1,SCSI0:02,SCSI1:13,SCSI1:24,SCSI1:35,SCSI1:4且2-5都需要在高级中勾选independent-persisant选项
*硬盘分配的注意点:I/O适配器类型都选择"LSILogin"方式
*所有磁盘类型都选在"SCSI",如果选择IDE类型的磁盘的话,vware只能虚拟出4块,而rac环境是需要5块磁盘来实现。由于是在虚拟机中实现,建议将2-5磁盘配置到其他目录中。
两块在安装clusterware软件的时候要用到,也就是ORACLERAC所必须的ocr以及vote磁盘,表现出来是裸设备方式,还有两块磁盘我们要用来作为共享磁盘存放数据文件,即asm磁盘
网卡配置:
rac环境中需要两块网卡,,当然可以创建地三块网卡和pc交互。便于文件等内容的传输
网卡的类型选择的都为Bridged类型。该类型的网卡在虚拟机就等同一个独立的网卡。可以和主机通信也可以连通互联网。下给出一张配置后的截图:
虚拟机中安装linux
在虚拟机中安装linux,在磁盘分区时将除0:0外的其他磁盘不参与分区,即如下图,只勾选sda选项。在挂盘上随个人喜好。为方便这里只挂了/一个盘
关于ip的配置,eth0:ip192.168.100.100
Eth1:ip192.168.200.100
Eth2:选择自动获取
服务的话,建议都选择安装,目前还没有完全了解其中包的关联关系。
disk.locking="false"
diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize="0"
diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize="0"
diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize="0"
diskLib.dataCachePageSize="4096"
diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites="0"
scsi1:1.deviceType="disk"
scsi1:2.deviceType="disk"
scsi1:3.deviceType="disk"
scsi1:4.deviceType="disk"
三.Linux配置
文件配置
1,编辑/etc/hosts文件,添加如下内容:
192.168.100.100rac1
192.168.100.101rac2
192.168.100.200rac1-vip
192.168.100.201rac2-vip
192.168.2.100rac1-priv
192.168.2.101rac2-priv
2,创建组oinstall,dba,用户oracle
groupaddoinstall
groupadddba
useradd-d/home/oracle-goinstall-Gdbaoracle
如果是非虚机安装,要注意记录下用户和组ID,在其它机器上创建同名组时,务必确认组ID和用户ID与此相同。
设置oracle用户密码(密码也设为oracle)
passwdoracle
3,配置oralce用户的bash_profile文件
exportTMP=/tmp
exportTMPDIR=$TMP
exportORACLE_BASE=/opt/ora10g
exportORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
exportORACLE_SID=RACDB1
exportORACLE_TERM=xterm
exportPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
exportPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
exportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
ulimit-u16384-n65536
umask022
2,创建/opt/ora10g目录,要注意该目录所有者或oracle用户的权限
[root@rac1~]#mkdir/opt/ora10g
由于该目录主要由oracle用户操作,因此我们将其所有者改为oracle
[root@rac1~]#chownoracle.oinstall/opt/ora10g
3,配置内核参数
[root@rac1~]#vi/etc/sysctl.conf
增加或修改下列内容
kernel.shmmni=4096
kernel.sem=25032000100128
fs.file-max=65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=102465000
net.core.rmem_default=1048576
net.core.rmem_max=1048576
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144
[root@rac1~]#sysctl-p
让设置生效
4,提高Oracle用户的shell限制
设置oracle使用的文件数权限
vi/etc/security/limits.conf
增加下列内容
oraclesoftnproc2047
oraclehardnproc16384
oraclesoftnofile1024
oraclehardnofile65536
修改安全限制
vi/etc/pam.d/login
增加:
sessionrequired/lib/security/pam_limits.so
配置Hangcheck计时器
vi/etc/rc.local
增加:
modprobehangcheck-timerhangcheck-tick=30hangcheck_margin=180
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