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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial源码编译安装 MySQL 5.5.x 笔记

MySQL从5.5版本开始,通过./configure进行编译配置方式已经被取消,取而代之的是cmake工具。因此,我们首先要在系统中源码编译安

1.安装cmake
MySQL从5.5版本开始,通过./configure进行编译配置方式已经被取消,取而代之的是cmake工具。
因此,我们首先要在系统中源码编译安装cmake工具。

# wget

# tar zxvf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz

# cd cmake-2.8.4

# ./configure
# make
# make install

2.确保以下所需系统软件包已经被安装
通过 rpm -qa | grep name 的方式验证以下软件包是否已全部安装。
gcc* gcc-c++* autoconf* automake* zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel* libgcrypt* libtool*

如果缺少相关的软件包,,可通过yum -y install 的方式在线安装,或直接从系统安装光盘中找到并通过rpm -ivh 的方式安装。

3. 安装前的系统设置
建立mysql安装目录及数据存放目录
# mkdir /opt/mysql
# mkdir /opt/mysql/data

创建用户和用户组
# groupadd mysql
# useradd -g mysql mysql

赋予数据存放目录权限
# chown mysql:mysql -R /opt/mysql/data

4.从configure更换为cmake
我相信大多数人都已经习惯了之前的configure方式,并且所使用的参数也是比较个性化的,换成cmake之后,这一方面会带来不少的麻烦。
还好,MySQL的官方网站提供了二者的参数对照表,我们可以尽可能的保留之前的参数,来编译配置新的MySQL版本。

configure 与 cmake 参数对照指南:

以我自己为例,之前我一直使用的参数为:
./configure --prefix=/opt/mysql/ \
--sysconfdir=/opt/mysql/etc \
--localstatedir=/opt/mysql/data \
--with-tcp-port=3306 \
--with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysqld.sock \
--with-mysqld-user=mysql \
--enable-assembler \
--with-extra-charsets=all \
--enable-thread-safe-client \
--with-big-tables \
--with-readline \
--with-ssl \
--with-embedded-server \
--enable-local-infile \
--with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg

经过与cmake的参数对照之后,去除掉已经被取消的参数(大多数是因为新版本已经默认启用),cmake的参数配置如下:
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql/etc \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql/data \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

5.编译安装 MySQL 5.5.x
通过官方网址或国内的sohu镜像下载软件包,如目前最新的MySQL 5.5.13。
# wget

# tar zxvf mysql-5.5.13.tar.gz

# cd mysql-5.5.13
# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql/etc \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql/data \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

# make
# make install

在make与make install的时候可以看到进度百分比,感觉这一点要比configure方式要好。

6.配置并初始化数据库
创建my.cnf配置文件
# mkdir /opt/mysql/log

# mkdir /opt/mysql/etc
# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /opt/mysql/etc/my.cnf

初始化数据库
执行前需赋给scripts/mysql_install_db文件执行权限
# chmod 755 scripts/mysql_install_db
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql/ --datadir=/opt/mysql/data/

创建管理MySQL数据库的shell脚本
# mkdir /opt/mysql/init.d
# cp support-files/mysql.server /opt/mysql/init.d/mysql

赋予shell脚本可执行权限:
# chmod +x /opt/mysql/init.d/mysql

启动MySQL:
# /opt/mysql/init.d/mysql start

通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器(提示输入密码时直接回车):
# /opt/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

输入以下SQL语句,创建一个具有root权限的用户(admin)和密码(12345678):
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678';

为root帐户设置初始密码
# /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

删除本机匿名连接的空密码帐号
/opt/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'new-password'
mysql>use mysql; //选择系统数据库mysql
mysql>select Host,User,Password from user; //查看所有用户
mysql>delete from user where password="";
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>select Host,User,Password from user; //确认密码为空的用户是否已全部删除
mysql>exit;

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--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------

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