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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMysql命令行技巧汇总

Mysql命令行技巧汇总

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:38 PM
mysqlCommand LineSkillSummary

1) pager pager真是一个很神奇的东西,它可以控制mysql的输出。默认值是stdout,直接输出。艾,貌似讲不清楚啊,还是看几个例子吧: mysql SELECT mobile FROM profile WHERE mobile!='';+-------------+| mobile |+-------------+| 13719001986 || 12321423

1) pager

pager真是一个很神奇的东西,它可以控制mysql的输出。默认值是stdout,直接输出。 艾,貌似讲不清楚啊,还是看几个例子吧:

mysql> SELECT mobile FROM profile WHERE mobile!='';
+-------------+
| mobile      |
+-------------+
| 13719001986 |
| 123214234   |
+-------------+
2 ROWS IN SET (0.00 sec)
?
mysql> 
mysql> pager grep "137"
PAGER SET TO 'grep "137"'
mysql> 
mysql> SELECT mobile FROM profile WHERE mobile!='';
| 13719001986 |
2 ROWS IN SET (0.00 sec)
?
mysql> pager
DEFAULT pager wasn't set, using stdout
相当于在输出之后附加了 | grep “137″ ,是不是很震憾。 不止是grep, 所有linux上面的命令都可以的,自由发挥吧。 比如select很多行数据,就可以设置pager more,一页一页地看。 再比如要比较二次select的结果是否相同,可以设置pager md5sum,实在是太赞了。 再比如,只想看select语句运行需要多长时间,而不想看到select出来的结果集,可以使用
pager cat > /dev/null
再比如,看一下processlist里面Sleep的线程有多少,可以使用
pager grep Sleep | wc -l

2) edit

肯定有人会有这样的想法:在mysql命令行里面编辑一个复杂点的sql语句实在是太费神了,光标只能左右移动,要是有个vi就好多啦。 其实真的有…. mysql> edit 就这么简单,谁用谁知道。

3) tee

如果想记录下来您所有的操作及输出,除了屏幕录象软件之外,还有这么一个神奇的东西tee。

mysql> tee /tmp/h.log
Logging TO file '/tmp/h.log'
mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> SHOW engine innodb STATUS;
.........
mysql> exit
所有的一切都被记录在 /tmp/h.log文件中了。

4) prompt

快要去吃午饭了, 这时如果你又想看一条UPDATE语句究竟会执行多久,怎么办? 等下去就要饿死啦。 修改一下mysql的prompt提示符,轻松解决这个问题:

mysql> prompt \r:\m:\s\P>\_
PROMPT SET TO '\r:\m:\s\P>\_'
11:30:10am> 
11:30:11am> 
11:30:11am> 
11:30:12am> 
11:30:12am> 
11:30:12am> 
11:30:12am>
输入UPDATE语句,回车走人。 吃完饭回来就可以看到执行结束的时间了。

5) ctrl+z

作为一个dba,每天都要在命令行中登陆mysql,运行完sql语句,随手就logout了,(快捷键是ctrl+d), 过一段时间又要login,又随手logout…… 重复重复再重复,不仅浪费时间,而且输入mysql root的复杂密码也会烦死个人。 这个logout的坏习惯,一定要改掉。。。,哥已经改掉了。

mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> SELECT now();
+---------------------+
| now()               |
+---------------------+
| 2012-12-25 15:33:16 |
+---------------------+
1 ROW IN SET (0.00 sec)
?
mysql> 
不要按ctrl+d了, 换成Ctrl+z , 暂停任务。
[1]+  Stopped                 /home/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
[MODIFY@www 8p]$ 
[MODIFY@www 8p]$ 
[MODIFY@www 8p]$ 
需要用到mysql的时候,
输入fg回车:
[MODIFY@www 8p]$ fg
/home/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
mysql> 
mysql>
是不是很爽。。。

6) html输出

-H

[root@www ~]# /home/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -H -e "select host from mysql.user";
Enter password: 
hostlocalhostlocalhostlocalhostlocalhostlocalhostlocalhost[root@www ~]#

7) 最简化输出

如果只想要结果,不要那些边框,字段名称之类的东西,可以使用 –skip-line-numbers –skip-column-names

[root@www ~]# /home/mysql/bin/mysql  -uroot -p -e "select count(*) from shipincon.share where add_time >= current_date()";                            
+----------+
| COUNT(*) |
+----------+
|      850 |
+----------+
?
[root@www ~]# /home/mysql/bin/mysql --silent --skip-line-numbers  --skip-column-names -uroot -p -e "select count(*) from shipincon.share where add_time >= current_date()";
850

8) help

在不方便上网查找mysql文档的情况下,help还是很靠谱的。

mysql> help string functions;
You asked FOR help about help category: "String Functions"
FOR more information, TYPE 'help ', WHERE  IS one OF the following
topics:
   ASCII
   BIN
   BINARY OPERATOR
   BIT_LENGTH
   CAST
   CHAR FUNCTION
   CHARACTER_LENGTH
   CHAR_LENGTH
   CONCAT
   CONCAT_WS
   CONVERT
   ELT
   EXPORT_SET
   EXTRACTVALUE
   FIELD
   FIND_IN_SET
   FORMAT
   HEX
........
?
mysql> help instr;
Name: 'INSTR'
Description:
Syntax:
INSTR(str,substr)
?
RETURNS the POSITION OF the FIRST occurrence OF SUBSTRING substr IN
string str. This IS the same AS the two-argument form OF LOCATE(),
EXCEPT that the ORDER OF the arguments IS reversed.
?
URL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/string-functions.html
?
Examples:
mysql> SELECT INSTR('foobarbar', 'bar');
        -> 4
mysql> SELECT INSTR('xbar', 'foobar');
        -> 0
Statement
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