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MySQL优化之 定位性能问题

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:32 PM
mysqloptimizationpositionperformancequestion

要优化MySQL, 先要找出问题的所在, 是那一块东西拖累的数据库的速度。 大多数的MySQL性能问题是因为数据算法设计不合理,导致某些SQL语句占用了非常多的资源。 我们按照这个步骤来进行: 1. 先分析那些SQL是执行次数最多的。 我们会用到?tcpdump?(一个抓包

要优化MySQL, 先要找出问题的所在, 是那一块东西拖累的数据库的速度。
大多数的MySQL性能问题是因为数据算法设计不合理,导致某些SQL语句占用了非常多的资源。 我们按照这个步骤来进行:

1. 先分析那些SQL是执行次数最多的。

我们会用到?tcpdump?(一个抓包工具)?, 来抓取到3306端口的数据包, 进而分析MySQL都在做了些什么
首先我们来安装tcpdump
wget http://maatkit.googlecode.com/files/maatkit-6652.tar.gz

tar zxvf maatkit-6652.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

cd /usr/local/maatkit-6652

perl Makefile.PL make install

然后用下边的命令分析MySQL正在做什么, 并写到临时文件 mysql.tmp里
time tcpdump -i eth0 -s 1500 src host 192.168.2.10 -w mysql.tmp
接下来分析 那些SQL执行的次数最多
strings 20060427-db-traffic-01.dmp | grep -i 'select' | awk '{printf("%s %s %s %s\n", $1,$2,$3, $4);}'| sort| uniq -c | awk '{printf("%06ld %s %s %s %s\n", $1,$2,$3,$4,$5);}'|sort
得到结果:
cpdump: listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 1500 bytes
12000 packets captured
12000 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
real 0m8.666s
user 0m0.006s
sys 0m0.016s
--------
000001 select last_insert_id() from system_parameter
...
000122 select count(1) from visit_tracking
000122 select visitor_id
000800 select web_page_id , web_page_type_id
000800 select web_page_type_id , name
003200 select count(1) from hit_count
006400 select pd.parameter_value,
006400 select rp.user_id , rp.update_time

可以看到执行各种select执行的次数

2. 分析比较慢的查询
//TODO
3. 找到为什么 SQL语句执行比较慢
//TODO

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