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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMySQL MyIsam 存储引擎索引长度限制测试记录

MySQL MyIsam 存储引擎在创建索引的时候,索引键长度是有一个较为严格的长度限制的,所有索引键最大长度总和不能超过1000,而且不是实际数据长度的总和,而是索引键字段定义长度的总和。下面做个简单的测试,记录一下。 root@sky:~# mysql -u sky -p -h127.0

MySQL MyIsam 存储引擎在创建索引的时候,索引键长度是有一个较为严格的长度限制的,所有索引键最大长度总和不能超过1000,而且不是实际数据长度的总和,而是索引键字段定义长度的总和。下面做个简单的测试,记录一下。

root@sky:~# mysql -u sky -p -h127.0.0.1
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 44
Server version: 5.0.51a-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the buffer.

sky@127.0.0.1 : (none) 05:23:08> use test;
Database changed
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:23:11>
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:23:12>

先创建一个MyIsam表,字符集选择latin1,三个字段均设置为varchar 255,:
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:23:12> create table test_ind
-> (a varchar(255),
-> b varchar(255),
-> c varchar(255)
-> ) engine=myisam charset=latin1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

创建效果:
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:23:32> show create table test_ind\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: test_ind
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `test_ind` (
`a` varchar(255) default NULL,
`b` varchar(255) default NULL,
`c` varchar(255) default NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

三个字段联合索引(长度应该在1000以内)

sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:23:41> create index test_a_b_c_ind on test_ind(a,b,c);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

我们看到,创建成功了。

下面我们做一次字符集转换,将字符集转换成utf8

sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:25:54> alter table test_ind convert to charset utf8;
ERROR 1071 (42000): Specified key was too long; max key length is 1000 bytes
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:26:24>
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:28:03> show create table test_ind\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: test_ind
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `test_ind` (
`a` varchar(255) default NULL,
`b` varchar(255) default NULL,
`c` varchar(255) default NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

结果报错了,查看表实际情况也确实没有成功,仍然是latin1的字符集。

我们现drop掉索引,再转换字符集。

sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:28:10> drop index test_a_b_c_ind on test_ind;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:28:15> alter table test_ind convert to charset utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:28:20> show create table test_ind\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: test_ind
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `test_ind` (
`a` varchar(255) default NULL,
`b` varchar(255) default NULL,
`c` varchar(255) default NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
转换很顺利,成功了。

现在再创建索引看看效果怎样:

sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:28:36> create index test_a_b_c_ind on test_ind(a,b,c);
ERROR 1071 (42000): Specified key was too long; max key length is 1000 bytes

失败,减少索引键字段
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:28:54> create index test_a_b_c_ind on test_ind(a,b);
ERROR 1071 (42000): Specified key was too long; max key length is 1000 bytes

还是失败,继续减少
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:29:00> create index test_a_b_c_ind on test_ind(a);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

ok,总算成功了。

最后再看看其他存储引擎有没有这个限制呢?就看当前用的最广泛的存储引擎之一Innodb吧:

sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:29:03> drop index test_a_b_c_ind on test_ind;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:29:54>
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:29:58>
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:30:11> alter table test_ind engine=innodb;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:31:15> show create table test_ind\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: test_ind
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `test_ind` (
`a` varchar(255) default NULL,
`b` varchar(255) default NULL,
`c` varchar(255) default NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

sky@127.0.0.1 : test 05:31:23> create index test_a_b_c_ind on test_ind(a,b,c);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

很顺利,创建成功,Innodb是没有这个限制的。

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