项目数据库是mongoDB,用pymongo进行find操作,查询结果是一串dict。现在要把查询结果用xlwt导出为csv文件,例如有一条数据如下: # dict数据row = { domain : dmyz.org, page_rank : 2, city : Beijing, country : China}# 以下是csv相关代码fields = ['dom
项目数据库是mongoDB,用pymongo进行find操作,查询结果是一串dict。现在要把查询结果用xlwt导出为csv文件,例如有一条数据如下:
# dict数据 row = { "domain" : "dmyz.org", "page_rank" : 2, "city" : "Beijing", "country" : "China" } # 以下是csv相关代码 fields = ['domain', 'page_rank', 'country', 'city'] wb = xlwt.Workbook() ws = wb.add_sheet('Sheet1') for i in range(len(fields)): ws.write(0, i, fields[i])
要得到domain的值,是用row['domain'],但我希望能用对象的访问形式,例如row.domain来获取(严格来说这篇文章的标题有歧义,我真正的需求是改变dict的访问形式,而且Python中一切都是对象,object也是dict的基类。)
要实现这个需求,最容易想到的是用循环来做:
def _dict_to_object(d): class _O: pass [setattr(_O, _k, d[_k]) for _k in d] return _O r = _dict_to_object(row) print r.page_rank
上面的代码就是定义一个名为_O的类,用setattr函数(或者__setattr__方法),把dict添加进去。
更简单的做法是利用类的__dict__方法:
class Struct: def __init__(self, **entries): self.__dict__.update(entries) r = Struct(**row) print row.page_rank
以上例子中的dict只有一层,实际生产环境中,这个dict是两层的,所以实际的代码做了些改动:
row = { "url" : { "domain" : "dmyz.org" }, "page_rank" : 2, "geography" : { "city" : "Beijing", "country" : "China" } } def _dict_to_object(d): class O: pass for _k in d: if type(d[_k]) == dict: setattr(O, _k, Struct(**d[_k])) else: setattr(O, _k, d[_k]) return O r = _dict_to_object(row) print r.url.domain
如果层次更多,就改成迭代的写法。还想到一个简单的思路:mongoDB的数据都是存成json的,只要在解析json时,替换dict的处理,也就是加上object_hook就可以实现了:
from collections import namedtuple row = '''{ "url" : { "domain" : "dmyz.org" }, "page_rank" : 2, "geography" : { "city" : "Beijing", "country" : "China" } }''' x = json.loads(row, object_hook=lambda d: namedtuple('X', d.keys())(*d.values())) print x.url.domain
但这样要把pymongo查询出来的dict转成str再做处理,多了一步无用的操作,暂时没想到好的解决方案。
原文地址:Python的dict转object, 感谢原作者分享。

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