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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorialmysql Key_buffer_size参数的设置

在mysql数据库中,mysql key_buffer_size是对MyISAM表性能影响最大的一个参数,下面就将对mysql Key_buffer_size参数的设置进行详细介绍,供您参考。 下面一台以MyISAM为主要存储引擎服务器的配置: mysql show variables like 'key_buffer_size'; +--------

在mysql数据库中,mysql key_buffer_size是对MyISAM表性能影响最大的一个参数,下面就将对mysql Key_buffer_size参数的设置进行详细介绍,供您参考。

下面一台以MyISAM为主要存储引擎服务器的配置:

mysql> show variables like 'key_buffer_size';
+-----------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------+------------+
| key_buffer_size | 536870912 |
+-----------------+------------+

分配了512MB内存给mysql key_buffer_size,我们再看一下key_buffer_size的使用情况:
mysql> show global status like 'key_read%';

+------------------------+-------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-------------+
| Key_read_requests | 27813678764 |
| Key_reads | 6798830 |
+------------------------+-------------+

一共有27813678764个索引读取请求,有6798830个请求在内存中没有找到直接从硬盘读取索引,计算索引未命中缓存的概率:

key_cache_miss_rate = Key_reads / Key_read_requests * 100%

比如上面的数据,key_cache_miss_rate为0.0244%,4000个索引读取请求才有一个直接读硬盘,已经很BT了,key_cache_miss_rate在0.1%以下都很好(每1000个请求有一个直接读硬盘),如果key_cache_miss_rate在0.01%以下的话,key_buffer_size分配的过多,可以适当减少。
MySQL服务器还提供了key_blocks_*参数:

mysql> show global status like 'key_blocks_u%';
+------------------------+-------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-------------+
| Key_blocks_unused | 0 |
| Key_blocks_used | 413543 |
+------------------------+-------------+

Key_blocks_unused表示未使用的缓存簇(blocks)数,Key_blocks_used表示曾经用到的最大的blocks数,比如这台服务器,所有的缓存都用到了,要么增加key_buffer_size,要么就是过渡索引了,把缓存占满了。比较理想的设置:

Key_blocks_used / (Key_blocks_unused + Key_blocks_used) * 100% ≈ 80%

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