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mysql查询优化相关技巧

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:18 PM
mysqloptimizationSkillInquireRelated

使用EXPLAIN语句检查优化器操作 +----+-------------+----------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------- | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len| ref | rows | Extra +----+-------------

  使用EXPLAIN语句检查优化器操作 +----+-------------+----------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------- | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len| ref | rows | Extra +----+-------------+----------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------- | 1 |SIMPLE | car_info | range | name | name | 768 | NULL | 9 | Using where; Using index | +----+-------------+----------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------

  EXPLAIN输出解释

  select_type 有如下几种类型: SIMPLE:未使用连接查询或者子查询的简单select语句 explain select * from car_info;

  PRIMARY:最外层的select语句 explain select * from (select name from car_info where name like '凯迪拉克%') as a;

  +----+-------------+------------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------

  | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |

  +----+-------------+------------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+---------------

  | 1 | PRIMARY | | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 9 | |

  | 2 | DERIVED | car_info | range | name | name | 768 | NULL | 9 | Using where; Using index |

  +----+-------------+------------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+---------------

  UNION:union中的第二个,或后面的select语句 explain select name from car_info where id =100 union select name from web_car_brands where id =5; +------+--------------+----------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+-- | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +------+--------------+----------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+--- | 1 | PRIMARY | car_info | const | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 8 | const | 1 | | | 2 | UNION | web_car_brands | const | PRIMARY,id | PRIMARY | 4 | const | 1 | | | NULL | UNION RESULT |

  DEPENDENT UNION:union中的第二个或后面的色了传统语句,取决于外面的查询

  mysql> explain select * from t3 where id in (select id from t3 where id=3952602 union all select id from t3) ;

  +----+--------------------+------------+--------+-------------------+---------+---------+-------+------+------

  | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |

  +----+--------------------+------------+--------+-------------------+---------+---------+-------+------+--

  | 1 | PRIMARY | t3 | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1000 | Using where

  | 2 | DEPENDENT SUBQUERY | t3 | const | PRIMARY,idx_t3_id | PRIMARY | 4 | const | 1 | Using index |

  | 3 | DEPENDENT UNION | t3 | eq_ref | PRIMARY,idx_t3_id | PRIMARY | 4 | func | 1 | Using where; Using index |

  |NULL | UNION RESULT |

  +----+--------------------+------------+--------+-------------------+---------+---------+-------+------+-

  UNION RESULT:union的结果 explain select name from car_info where id =100 union select name from web_car_brands where id =5; +------+--------------+----------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+----- | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +------+--------------+----------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+-- | 1 | PRIMARY | car_info | const | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 8 | const | 1 | | | 2 | UNION | web_car_brands | const | PRIMARY,id | PRIMARY | 4 | const | 1 | | | NULL | UNION RESULT |

  SUBQUERY:子查询中的第一个SELECT语句 explain select name from car_info where id = (select id from web_car_series where id = 5); +----+-------------+----------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+----- | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+----------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+------ | 1 | PRIMARY | car_info | const | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 8 | const | 1 | | | 2 | SUBQUERY | web_car_series | const | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | | 1 | Using index | +----+-------------+----------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+-----

  DEPENDENT SUBQUERY:子查询中的第一个SELECT,取决于外面的查询

  explain select name from car_info where id in (select id from web_car_series where id = 5); +----+--------------------+----------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+- | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+--------------------+----------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+------+ | 1 | PRIMARY | car_info | index | NULL | name | 768 | NULL | 145 | Using where; Using index | | 2 | DEPENDENT SUBQUERY | web_car_series | const | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | const | 1 | Using index | +----+--------------------+----------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+-------+-----

  DERIVED:在from列表中包含子查询,mysql会递归的执行该子查询,并把结果放在临时表中

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