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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial用SQL Server查询累计值

有这样一个要求,它要创建一个SQL Server查询,其中包括基于事件时刻的累计值。典型的例子就是一个银行账户,因为你每一次都是在不同的时间去存钱和取钱。对任意一个账户来说,在某个时间点都要算出它的借(存款)和贷(取款)之和。每一笔交易之后,你都想知道

  有这样一个要求,它要创建一个SQL Server查询,其中包括基于事件时刻的累计值。典型的例子就是一个银行账户,因为你每一次都是在不同的时间去存钱和取钱。对任意一个账户来说,在某个时间点都要算出它的借(存款)和贷(取款)之和。每一笔交易之后,你都想知道当前的余额。列表A创建了这样一个表格的简单的例子。

  列表A

用SQL Server查询累计值

  下面是一些示例行:

  1 2006-11-03 02:33:42.34010000.00

  2 2006-11-03 02:34:50.467-500.00

  3 2006-11-03 02:35:04.857250.00

  4 2006-11-03 02:42:19.763-124.25

  因为日期是缺省设定的,你要做的就是加入一些金额。例子中为了简单起见,假设只有一个银行账户(为了更符合实际情况,可以添加一个BankAccountNumber列)。

  现在你就能够创建一个包括了当前余额的查询。因为你已经在同一列中用正负数值记录了存款和取款值,所以列中的累计值是很容易算出的。你要得到当前的余额,就要计算出以前所有交易的总值,然后将这个值和当前的交易相加。列表B中的查询实现了这一点。

  列表B

用SQL Server查询累计值

  这样就得到了以下的结果集:

  1 2006-11-03 02:33:42.34010000.00 10000.00

  2 2006-11-03 02:34:50.467-500.00 9500.00

  3 2006-11-03 02:35:04.857250.00 9750.00

  4 2006-11-03 02:42:19.763-124.25 9625.75

  如这个例子所示,只要你理解了要求,就可以很容易地建立累计值。所示的例子假设表格中只包括一个账户,但是要处理多个账户也很简单。添加一个BankAccountNumber 列和一个指定利息数量的WHERE谓词即可。

  你也可以把这个例子倒过来用,如在一个存货计算中创建一个不同的运行。你从存货1,000开始,然后减去各种花销和收据。

  这样的查询有两个优点:

  你不需要储存结果。当用账户编号或外键操作时,执行可以如闪电般迅速。

  你以一个标签结束事务,它可以逐行进行检查。如果出现问题的话,你可以将导致问题出现的事务隔离。

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