在SQL Server中默认对大小写是不敏感的,例如userName='jesse'和userName='JESSE'结果是一样的。在验证密码的时候可能就需要对字符串大小写敏感,需要做一些处理,介绍两种方法: 法Ⅰ:转换成二进制再比较,由于大小写的ASC码不同。例如: select * from T_
在SQL Server中默认对大小写是不敏感的,例如userName='jesse'和userName='JESSE'结果是一样的。在验证密码的时候可能就需要对字符串大小写敏感,需要做一些处理,介绍两种方法:
法Ⅰ:转换成二进制再比较,由于大小写的ASC码不同。例如:
select *
from T_User
where cast(field as varbinary) = cast( 'Admin' as varbinary)
法Ⅱ:利用排序规则,也是基于二进制。在字段后加上collate Chinese_PRC_CS_AS_WS
如:
select *
from T_User
where userName='admin' AND PASSWORD collate Chinese_PRC_CS_AS_WS ='Admin'
是否区分大小写与排序规则有关,排序规则中各部分含义如下所示:
举例分析 Chinese_PRC_CS_AI_WS
前半部份:指UNICODE字符集,Chinese_PRC_指针对大陆简体字UNICODE的排序规则。
排序规则的后半部份即后缀 含义:
_BIN 二进制排序
_CI(CS) 是否区分大小写,CI不区分,CS区分
_AI(AS) 是否区分重音,AI不区分,AS区分
_KI(KS) 是否区分假名类型,,KI不区分,KS区分
_WI(WS) 是否区分宽度 WI不区分,WS区分
区分大小写:如果想让比较将大写字母和小写字母视为不等,请选择该选项。
区分重音:如果想让比较将重音和非重音字母视为不等,请选择该选项。如果选择该选项,比较还将重音不同的字 母视为不等。
区分假名:如果想让比较将片假名和平假名日语音节视为不等,请选择该选项。
区分宽度:如果想让比较将半角字符和全角字符视为不等,请选择该选项

InnoDB uses redologs and undologs to ensure data consistency and reliability. 1.redologs record data page modification to ensure crash recovery and transaction persistence. 2.undologs records the original data value and supports transaction rollback and MVCC.

Key metrics for EXPLAIN commands include type, key, rows, and Extra. 1) The type reflects the access type of the query. The higher the value, the higher the efficiency, such as const is better than ALL. 2) The key displays the index used, and NULL indicates no index. 3) rows estimates the number of scanned rows, affecting query performance. 4) Extra provides additional information, such as Usingfilesort prompts that it needs to be optimized.

Usingtemporary indicates that the need to create temporary tables in MySQL queries, which are commonly found in ORDERBY using DISTINCT, GROUPBY, or non-indexed columns. You can avoid the occurrence of indexes and rewrite queries and improve query performance. Specifically, when Usingtemporary appears in EXPLAIN output, it means that MySQL needs to create temporary tables to handle queries. This usually occurs when: 1) deduplication or grouping when using DISTINCT or GROUPBY; 2) sort when ORDERBY contains non-index columns; 3) use complex subquery or join operations. Optimization methods include: 1) ORDERBY and GROUPB

MySQL/InnoDB supports four transaction isolation levels: ReadUncommitted, ReadCommitted, RepeatableRead and Serializable. 1.ReadUncommitted allows reading of uncommitted data, which may cause dirty reading. 2. ReadCommitted avoids dirty reading, but non-repeatable reading may occur. 3.RepeatableRead is the default level, avoiding dirty reading and non-repeatable reading, but phantom reading may occur. 4. Serializable avoids all concurrency problems but reduces concurrency. Choosing the appropriate isolation level requires balancing data consistency and performance requirements.

MySQL is suitable for web applications and content management systems and is popular for its open source, high performance and ease of use. 1) Compared with PostgreSQL, MySQL performs better in simple queries and high concurrent read operations. 2) Compared with Oracle, MySQL is more popular among small and medium-sized enterprises because of its open source and low cost. 3) Compared with Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL is more suitable for cross-platform applications. 4) Unlike MongoDB, MySQL is more suitable for structured data and transaction processing.

MySQL index cardinality has a significant impact on query performance: 1. High cardinality index can more effectively narrow the data range and improve query efficiency; 2. Low cardinality index may lead to full table scanning and reduce query performance; 3. In joint index, high cardinality sequences should be placed in front to optimize query.

The MySQL learning path includes basic knowledge, core concepts, usage examples, and optimization techniques. 1) Understand basic concepts such as tables, rows, columns, and SQL queries. 2) Learn the definition, working principles and advantages of MySQL. 3) Master basic CRUD operations and advanced usage, such as indexes and stored procedures. 4) Familiar with common error debugging and performance optimization suggestions, such as rational use of indexes and optimization queries. Through these steps, you will have a full grasp of the use and optimization of MySQL.

MySQL's real-world applications include basic database design and complex query optimization. 1) Basic usage: used to store and manage user data, such as inserting, querying, updating and deleting user information. 2) Advanced usage: Handle complex business logic, such as order and inventory management of e-commerce platforms. 3) Performance optimization: Improve performance by rationally using indexes, partition tables and query caches.


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