MySQL 触发器 索引 MySQL 触发器 索引 ? 博文目录 ?触发器 索引 ? 触发器是MySQL响应insert,update,delete语句时自动执行的一条SQL语句,只有表支持触发器,视图不支持。 触发器需要的信息 唯一的触发器名称(一个表中唯一) 触发器关联的表 触发器应该响应的
MySQL 触发器 索引MySQL 触发器 索引
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博文目录
- ?触发器
- 索引
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触发器是MySQL响应insert,update,delete语句时自动执行的一条SQL语句,只有表支持触发器,视图不支持。
触发器需要的信息
- 唯一的触发器名称(一个表中唯一)
- 触发器关联的表
- 触发器应该响应的事件(insert?update?delete?)
- 触发器何时执行(处理之前或处理之后)
- 一个表的一个事件最多只能有两个触发器,所以一个表最多有6个触发器
- 如果响应之前的触发器执行失败,响应则不会执行;响应之前的触发器或响应执行失败,响应之后的触发器不会执行
insert触发器
create trigger tr_insert_tableA after insert on t_tableA for each row insert into t_tableB(val) values (new.val);
在insert触发器内,可引用一个名为new的虚拟表,访问被插入的行
在before insert触发器中,new中的值也可以被更新(new可以取到插入的值)
对于自动增长的列,new在insert执行之前的值为0,在执行之后是新的自动生成的值
获取刚刚插入的自动生成的主键值
create trigger t_insert_pk_tableA after insert on t_tableA for each row select new.id into @id;
insert into t_tableA(val) values("abc"); select @id;
delete触发器
delimiter // create trigger t_delete_tableA after delete on t_tableA for each row begin insert into t_tableB(val) values(old.val); end // delimiter ; delete from t_tableA where id=2;
在delete触发器代码中,可以引用了一个old的虚拟表,访问被删除的行
old表中值全是只读的,不能更新
update触发器
将A表中修改后的名字都改为大写
delimiter // create trigger t_update_tableA before update on t_tableA for each row begin set new.val=upper(new.val); end // delimiter ; update t_tableA set val='xyz' where id=1; select * from t_tableA;
在update触发器代码中,可以引用一个名为old的虚拟表访问以前的值,引用new表访问新的值
在before update触发器中,new中值允许被更新
old表中的值是只读的,不能更改
删除触发器
drop trigger tr_insert_tableA;
索引
索引是优化数据库查询速度的重要途径
索引类型
普通索引:最基本的索引,没有唯一性之类的限制
create index valindex on t_tableA(val(20)); create index products_index on products(prod_name(25),prod_price);
唯一索引:所有的索引列只能出现一次,保持唯一性
create unique index valindex2 on t_tableB(val(20));
主键索引:主键索引是一种特殊的唯一索引,在主键建立时自动创建
全文索引:全文所以可以在varchar或text类型上创建
索引的缺点
- 虽然索引大大提高了查询速度,但会降低更新表的速度,比如对表的insert,update,delete操作,因为更新表时,MySQL不仅仅要保存数据,还要保存索引文件
- 建立索引会占用磁盘空间。如果在一个大表上创建了多种索引组合,索引文件会膨胀的很快。

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