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MySQL中文问题的解决方案

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:11 PM
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以下的文章主要讲述的是MySQL中文问题的实际解决方案,我们大家都知道MySQL中文问题的编码设置与乱码问题一直是困扰计算机人员的心病,可以说对MySQL中文问题的编码设置与乱码问题的解决也是迫在眉睫。 MySQL 4.1的字符集支持(Character Set Support)有两个

以下的文章主要讲述的是MySQL中文问题的实际解决方案,我们大家都知道MySQL中文问题的编码设置与乱码问题一直是困扰计算机人员的心病,可以说对MySQL中文问题的编码设置与乱码问题的解决也是迫在眉睫。

MySQL 4.1的字符集支持(Character Set Support)有两个方面:字符集(Character set)和排序方式(Collation)。对于字符集的支持细化到四个层次: 服务器(server),数据库(database),数据表(table)和连接(connection)。我们最终的目标是使得这四个层次转化会支持中文的编码,下面以utf8为例。

1. 首先查看系统的字符集和排序方式。如果想查看某个特定的数据库的字符集和排序方式,应该先选定数据库,MySQL>use databasename;

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt">MySQL<span><span class="tag">></span><span> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ''character_set_%'';   </span></span>
</li>
<li><span>+--------------------------+----------------------------+   </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>| Variable_name | Value |   </span></li>
<li><span>+--------------------------+----------------------------+   </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>| character_set_client | latin1 |   </span></li>
<li><span>| character_set_connection | latin1 |   </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>| character_set_database | latin1 |   </span></li>
<li><span>| character_set_results | latin1 |   </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>| character_set_server | latin1 |   </span></li>
<li><span>| character_set_system | utf8 |   </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span>| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/</span>MySQL<span>/charsets/ |   </span>
</li>
<li><span>+--------------------------+----------------------------+  </span></li>
</ol>

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt">MySQL<span><span class="tag">></span><span> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ''collation_%'';   </span></span>
</li>
<li><span>+----------------------+-------------------+   </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>| Variable_name | Value |   </span></li>
<li><span>+----------------------+-------------------+   </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |   </span></li>
<li><span>| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |   </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |   </span></li>
<li><span>+----------------------+-------------------+  </span></li>
</ol>

3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 上面列出的值就是系统的默认值,lanti是不支持中文的,所以我们把它改成urf8。

下面我们就来修改这四个层次的编码方式:

1 在my.cf文件的[MySQL中文问题]段设置:

<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span class="attribute">default-character-set</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">utf8</span><span>  </span></span></li></ol>

这条语句的作用是把character_set_client, character_set_connection_,character_set_results 设定为utf8,包括对应的排列方式的编码。 Character_set_server是系统编码,这个是不用改的。

当然改变character_set_client, character_set_connection_,character_set_results编码方式的另外一种方法是:

<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>SET NAMES “UTF8”;  </span></span></li></ol>

它的作用相当于:

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span>SET </span><span class="attribute">character_set_client</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">utf8</span><span>;   </span></span></li>
<li>
<span>SET </span><span class="attribute">character_set_results</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">utf8</span><span>;   </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>SET </span><span class="attribute">character_set_connection</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">utf8</span><span>;  </span>
</li>
</ol>

2. 改变数据库的编码方式

<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>alter database databasename character set utf8;  </span></span></li></ol>

通过以上的更改数据库的编码工作算是昨晚了,当然除了这个方法还有一个万能个的方法,那就是看着那个不是utf8,你只要把相应的编码改成utf8就可以了。格式如下:SET

<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span class="attribute">character_set_client</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">utf8</span><span>;  </span></span></li></ol>

3. 不管你是web编程还是桌面编程,你的数据库的连接地址url中,一定要后缀:

?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8/hibernate?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8

当然如果你采用了MySQL中文问题的管理工具如MySQL yog,MySQL manager那么你数据库设定也可以在可视化环境下直接设置。当然这也只是限制在database的设定。

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