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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialUNION和UNIONALL操作符

UNION 操作符 UNION 操作符用于合并两个或多个 SELECT 语句的结果集。 注意: 1.UNION 内部的 SELECT 语句必须拥有相同数量的列 2.列也必须拥有相的数据类型 3.每条 SELECT 语句中的列的顺序必须相同 UNION 语法 SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1UNIO

UNION 操作符

UNION 操作符用于合并两个或多个 SELECT 语句的结果集。

注意:

1.UNION 内部的 SELECT 语句必须拥有相同数量的列

2.列也必须拥有相似的数据类型

3.每条 SELECT 语句中的列的顺序必须相同

UNION 语法

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2

注释:默认地,UNION 操作符选取不同的值。如果允许重复的值,请使用 UNION ALL。

UNION ALL 语法

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2

另外,UNION 结果集中的列名总是等于 UNION 中第一个 SELECT 语句中的列名。

下面的例子中使用的原始表:

Employees_China:

E_ID E_Name
01 Zhang, Hua
02 Wang, Wei
03 Carter, Thomas
04 Yang, Ming

Employees_USA:

E_ID E_Name
01 Adams, John
02 Bush, George
03 Carter, Thomas
04 Gates, Bill

使用 UNION 命令

实例

列出所有在中国和美国的不同的雇员名:

SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_China
UNION
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_USA

结果

E_Name
Zhang, Hua
Wang, Wei
Carter, Thomas
Yang, Ming
Adams, John
Bush, George
Gates, Bill

注释:这个命令无法列出在中国和美国的所有雇员。在上面的例子中,我们有两个名字相同的雇员,他们当中只有一个人被列出来了。UNION 命令只会选取不同的值。

使用 UNION ALL 命令

UNION ALL 命令和 UNION 命令几乎是等效的,不过 UNION ALL 命令会列出所有的值。

实例:

列出在中国和美国的所有的雇员:

SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_China
UNION ALL
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_USA

结果

E_Name
Zhang, Hua
Wang, Wei
Carter, Thomas
Yang, Ming
Adams, John
Bush, George
Carter, Thomas
Gates, Bill
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