一、概要1、折腾codis集群已经快两个月了,感谢一直以来codis的作者刘奇和黄东旭的耐心支持,在这里给你们点个赞,现在我司已经有一个业务跑在了codis集群上,目
一、概要
1、折腾codis集群已经快两个月了,感谢一直以来codis的作者刘奇和黄东旭的耐心支持,在这里给你们点个赞,现在我司已经有一个业务跑在了codis集群上,目前只是切了整个业务的10%的量,预计下周会全量切到codis上,这个时候大家肯定特别想知道codis稳定吗?有没有什么bug啊,你想知道的也是我想知道的,搞起吧,用了才知道,反正目前我们这没发现啥问题,一些小的问题已经及时联系作者改掉了,好吧,不扯淡了,写这篇文章的目的是帮助想了解codis的初学者快速部署(官方的部署文档对应运维知识弱一点的童鞋看来还是有点费力)还有就是给自己做一个备录以便后期集群的部署。
2、Codis 是一个分布式 Redis 解决方案, 对于上层的应用来说, 连接到 Codis Proxy 和连接原生的 Redis Server 没有明显的区别 (有一些命令不支持), 上层应用可以像使用单机的 Redis 一样使用, Codis 底层会处理请求的转发, 不停机的数据迁移等工作, 所有后边的一切事情, 对于前面的客户端来说是透明的, 可以简单的认为后边连接的是一个内存无限大的 Redis 服务,,当然,前段时间redis官方的3.0出了稳定版,3.0支持集群功能,codis的实现原理和3.0的集群功能差不多,我了解的现在美团、阿里已经用了3.0的集群功能了,我们这边的业务主要是php,3.0集群的sdk目前貌似还没有支持php语言的,大家谁的php应用上了3.0集群,请联系我,我去取经,有关redis常见的集群技术,请移步到 @萧田国 萧老师的infoq专栏Redis集群技术及Codis实践
二、架构
三、角色分批
zookeeper集群: 10.10.0.47 10.10.0.48 10.10.1.76 codis-config、codis-ha: 10.10.32.10:18087 codis-proxy: 10.10.32.10:19000 10.10.32.49:19000 codis-server: 10.10.32.42:6379、10.10.32.43:6380(主、从) 10.10.32.43:6379、10.10.32.44:6380(主、从) 10.10.32.44:6379、10.10.32.42:6380(主、从)四、部署
1、安装zookeeper
yum -y install zookeeper jdk ##安装服务vim /etc/hosts ##添加host 10.10.0.47 ZooKeeper-node1 10.10.0.48 ZooKeeper-node2 10.10.1.76 ZooKeeper-node3vim /etc/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg ##撰写zk的配置文件 maxClientCnxns=50 tickTime=2000 initLimit=10 syncLimit=5 dataDir=/data/zookeeper/ clientPort=2181 server.1=ZooKeeper-node1:2888:3888 server.2=ZooKeeper-node2:2888:3888 server.3=ZooKeeper-node3:2888:3888mkdir /data/zookeeper/ ##创建zk的datadir目录 echo "2" >/data/zookeeper/myid ##生成ID,这里需要注意, myid对应的zoo.cfg的server.ID,比如ZooKeeper-node2对应的myid应该是2 /usr/lib/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start ## 服务启动2、go安装(codis是go语言写的,所以那些机器需要安装你懂得)
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/go1.4.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz tar -zxvf go1.4.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz mv go /usr/local/ cd /usr/local/go/src/ bash all.bash cat >> ~/.bashrc 3、下载并编译codis(codis-config、codis-proxy、codis-server所在的机器)mkdir /data/go export GOPATH=/data/go /usr/local/go/bin/go get github.com/wandoulabs/codis cd /data/go/src/github.com/wandoulabs/codis/ ./bootstrap.sh make gotest五、服务启动及初始化集群
1、启动 dashboard(codis-config上操作)
cat /etc/codis/config_10.ini ##撰写配置文件 zk=10.10.0.47:2181,10.10.0.48:2181,10.10.1.76:2181 product=zh_news proxy_id=codis-proxy_10 net_timeout=5000 proto=tcp4 dashboard_addr=10.10.32.10:18087cd /data/go/src/github.com/wandoulabs/codis/ && ./bin/codis-config -c /etc/codis/config_10.ini dashboard &cd /data/go/src/github.com/wandoulabs/codis/ ./bin/codis-config -c /etc/codis/config_10.ini server add 1 10.10.32.42:6379 master ./bin/codis-config -c /etc/codis/config_10.ini server add 1 10.10.32.43:6380 slave ./bin/codis-config -c /etc/codis/config_10.ini server add 2 10.10.32.43:6379 master ./bin/codis-config -c /etc/codis/config_10.ini server add 2 10.10.32.44:6380 slave ./bin/codis-config -c /etc/codis/config_10.ini server add 3 10.10.32.44:6379 master ./bin/codis-config -c /etc/codis/config_10.ini server add 3 10.10.32.42:6380 slave5、设置 server group 服务的 slot 范围 Codis 采用 Pre-sharding 的技术来实现数据的分片, 默认分成 1024 个 slots (0-1023), 对于每个key来说, 通过以下公式确定所属的 Slot Id : SlotId = crc32(key) % 1024 每一个 slot 都会有一个特定的 server group id 来表示这个 slot 的数据由哪个 server group 来提供.(codis-config上操作)
cd /data/go/src/github.com/wandoulabs/codis/ ./bin/codis-config -c /etc/codis/config_10.ini slot range-set 0 300 1 online ./bin/codis-config -c /etc/codis/config_10.ini slot range-set 301 700 2 online ./bin/codis-config -c /etc/codis/config_10.ini slot range-set 701 1023 3 online
In database optimization, indexing strategies should be selected according to query requirements: 1. When the query involves multiple columns and the order of conditions is fixed, use composite indexes; 2. When the query involves multiple columns but the order of conditions is not fixed, use multiple single-column indexes. Composite indexes are suitable for optimizing multi-column queries, while single-column indexes are suitable for single-column queries.

To optimize MySQL slow query, slowquerylog and performance_schema need to be used: 1. Enable slowquerylog and set thresholds to record slow query; 2. Use performance_schema to analyze query execution details, find out performance bottlenecks and optimize.

MySQL and SQL are essential skills for developers. 1.MySQL is an open source relational database management system, and SQL is the standard language used to manage and operate databases. 2.MySQL supports multiple storage engines through efficient data storage and retrieval functions, and SQL completes complex data operations through simple statements. 3. Examples of usage include basic queries and advanced queries, such as filtering and sorting by condition. 4. Common errors include syntax errors and performance issues, which can be optimized by checking SQL statements and using EXPLAIN commands. 5. Performance optimization techniques include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and improving code readability.

MySQL asynchronous master-slave replication enables data synchronization through binlog, improving read performance and high availability. 1) The master server record changes to binlog; 2) The slave server reads binlog through I/O threads; 3) The server SQL thread applies binlog to synchronize data.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.

The installation and basic operations of MySQL include: 1. Download and install MySQL, set the root user password; 2. Use SQL commands to create databases and tables, such as CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE; 3. Execute CRUD operations, use INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE commands; 4. Create indexes and stored procedures to optimize performance and implement complex logic. With these steps, you can build and manage MySQL databases from scratch.

InnoDBBufferPool improves the performance of MySQL databases by loading data and index pages into memory. 1) The data page is loaded into the BufferPool to reduce disk I/O. 2) Dirty pages are marked and refreshed to disk regularly. 3) LRU algorithm management data page elimination. 4) The read-out mechanism loads the possible data pages in advance.

MySQL is suitable for beginners because it is simple to install, powerful and easy to manage data. 1. Simple installation and configuration, suitable for a variety of operating systems. 2. Support basic operations such as creating databases and tables, inserting, querying, updating and deleting data. 3. Provide advanced functions such as JOIN operations and subqueries. 4. Performance can be improved through indexing, query optimization and table partitioning. 5. Support backup, recovery and security measures to ensure data security and consistency.


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