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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMySQL使用二进制日志恢复数据库

MySQL有不同类型的日志,其中二进制文件记录了所有对数据库的修改,如果数据库因为操作不当或其他原因丢失了数据,可以通过二进制

一、二进制日志简介

MySQL有不同类型的日志,其中二进制文件记录了所有对数据库的修改,如果数据库因为操作不当或其他原因丢失了数据,可以通过二进制文件恢复。

在my.ini文件中设置了log-bin,重新启动MySQL后就开启了二进制日志。数据库每次重新启动(或执行flush logs命令)后,都会生成一个新的二进制日志,如在在my.ini文件中设置了

log-bin=F:\mysqllog\logbin

则数据库第一次启动会生成logbin.000001,第二次启动会生成logbin.000002,第三次启动会生成logbin.000003,......,以此类推。

MySQL 二进制日志删除与恢复 

二、数据恢复实例

1. 为了便于说明,执行flush logs命令,生成一个新的二进制文件;

2. 打开bookstore数据库中的authors表,里面已经有3条数据,在里面新插入两条数据,即第4条和第5条数据;

MySQL使用二进制日志恢复数据库

3. 假设由于操作失误,将第4条和第5条数据删除了;

MySQL使用二进制日志恢复数据库

4. 这时就考虑用二进制文件恢复第4条和第5条数据了,打开二进制文件的路径,发现有很多二进制日志文件,

MySQL使用二进制日志恢复数据库

其中编号最大的000030是最新的,记录了前面所述的记录插入和删除操作;

5. 首先查看一下这个文件,运行以下命令将其转换成文本文件,

打开文本文件,可以看见记录下了记录的插入和删除操作。

/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#150204 20:24:10 server id 1  end_log_pos 107    Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.5.25-log created 150204 20:24:10
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
BINLOG '
ag/SVA8BAAAAZwAAAGsAAAABAAQANS41LjI1LWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAVAAEGggAAAAICAgCAA==
'/*!*/;
# at 107
#150204 20:25:40 server id 1  end_log_pos 180    Query    thread_id=8    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1423052740/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=8/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1344274432/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=33/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 180
#150204 20:25:40 server id 1  end_log_pos 369    Query    thread_id=8    exec_time=0    error_code=0
use bookstore/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1423052740/*!*/;
INSERT INTO `bookstore`.`authors` (`author_id`, `author_last`, `author_first`, `country`) VALUES (4, 'Li', 'Si', 'China')
/*!*/;
# at 369
#150204 20:25:40 server id 1  end_log_pos 557    Query    thread_id=8    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1423052740/*!*/;
INSERT INTO `bookstore`.`authors` (`author_id`, `author_last`, `author_first`, `country`) VALUES (5, 'Wang', 'Wu', 'US')
/*!*/;
# at 557
#150204 20:25:40 server id 1  end_log_pos 584    Xid = 391
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 584
#150204 20:45:31 server id 1  end_log_pos 657    Query    thread_id=8    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1423053931/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 657
#150204 20:45:31 server id 1  end_log_pos 780    Query    thread_id=8    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1423053931/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `bookstore`.`authors` WHERE `author_id`='4'
/*!*/;
# at 780
#150204 20:45:31 server id 1  end_log_pos 903    Query    thread_id=8    exec_time=0    error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1423053931/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `bookstore`.`authors` WHERE `author_id`='5'
/*!*/;
# at 903
#150204 20:45:31 server id 1  end_log_pos 930    Xid = 407
COMMIT/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;

6. 开始恢复数据,执行以下命令,

之所以要有一个--stop-pos=584参数,是因为从584开始,就在删除记录了,所以在584就应该停止。执行命令以后,再次打开authors表,,可以看见第4、5条数据被恢复了!

MySQL使用二进制日志恢复数据库

--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------

Ubuntu 14.04下安装MySQL

《MySQL权威指南(原书第2版)》清晰中文扫描版 PDF

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS 安装 LNMP Nginx\PHP5 (PHP-FPM)\MySQL

Ubuntu 14.04下搭建MySQL主从服务器

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 构建高可用分布式 MySQL 集群

Ubuntu 12.04下源代码安装MySQL5.6以及Python-MySQLdb

MySQL-5.5.38通用二进制安装

--------------------------------------分割线 --------------------------------------

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