有时,希望除去某些记录或更改它们的内容。DELETE 和 UPDATE 语句令我们能做到这一点。 用update修改记录 UPDATE tbl_name SET 要更改的列 WHERE 要更新的记录 这里的 WHERE 子句是可选的,因此如果不指定的话,表中的每个记录都被更新。 例如,在pet表中,
有时,希望除去某些记录或更改它们的内容。DELETE 和 UPDATE 语句令我们能做到这一点。
用update修改记录
UPDATE tbl_name SET 要更改的列
WHERE 要更新的记录
这里的 WHERE 子句是可选的,因此如果不指定的话,表中的每个记录都被更新。
例如,在pet表中,我们发现宠物Whistler的性别没有指定,因此我们可以这样修改这个记录:
mysql> update pet set sex=’f’ where name=” Whistler”;
用delete删除记录
DELETE 语句有如下格式:
DELETE FROM tbl_name WHERE 要删除的记录
WHERE 子句指定哪些记录应该删除。它是可选的,但是如果不选的话,将会删除所有的记录。这意味着最简单的 DELETE 语句也是最危险的。
这个查询将清除表中的所有内容。一定要当心!
为了删除特定的记录,可用 WHERE 子句来选择所要删除的记录。这类似于 SELECT 语句中的 WHERE 子句。
mysql> delete from pet where name=”Whistler”;
可以用下面的语句清空整个表:
mysql>delete from pet;
总结
本节介绍了两个SQL语句的用法。使用UPDATE和DELETE语句要十分小心,因为可能对你的数据造成危险。尤其是DELETE语句,很容易会删除大量数据。使用时,一定小心。
思考题
1、请亲自按照本章所述的步骤,让MySQL服务器在Linux系统启动时,自动启动。并尝试其它启动、重启、关闭服务器的方法。
2、现在有一个位于主机database.domain.net的MySQL服务器,用root用户的身份,密码为newpass,连接到数据库test。如何给出合适的命令行?如果使用选项文件,如何添加选项?
3、在test数据库中建立一个本章举例中所述的表pet,其结构如下所述:
name:30个宽度的定长字符串
owner:30个宽度的定长字符串
species:10个宽度的定长字符串
sex:由m和f组成的非空枚举类型
birth:date类型
death:date类型
4、本章中pet表的数据录入表中:
+----------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+----------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| Fluffy | Harold | cat | f | 1993-02-04 | NULL |
| Claws | Gwen | cat | m | 1994-03-17 | NULL |
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
| Chirpy | Gwen | bird | f | 1998-09-11 | NULL |
| Fang | Benny | dog | m | 1990-08-27 | NULL |
| Bowser | Diane | dog | m | 1990-08-31 | 1995-07-29 |
| Whistler | Gwen | bird | NULL | 1997-12-09 | NULL |
| Slim | Benny | snake | m | 1996-04-29 | NULL |
| Puffball | Diane | hamster | f | 1999-03-30 | NULL |
+----------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
请把数据记录到一个数据文件中,然后使用LOAD DATA INFILE语句装载数据。提示:如果在Windows环境中,那么文件的换行符是”\r\n”。
如果是使用实用程序mysqlimport命令行如何书写。

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MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

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The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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