向数据库插入记录时,有时会有这种需求,当符合某种条件的数据存在时,去修改它,不存在时,则新增,也就是saveOrUpdate操作。这种控制可以放在业务层,也可以放在数据库层,大多数数据库都支持这种需求,如Oracle的merge语句,再如本文所讲的MySQL中的INSER
向数据库插入记录时,有时会有这种需求,当符合某种条件的数据存在时,去修改它,不存在时,则新增,也就是saveOrUpdate操作。这种控制可以放在业务层,也可以放在数据库层,大多数数据库都支持这种需求,如Oracle的merge语句,再如本文所讲的MySQL中的INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE语句。
该语句是基于唯一索引或主键使用,比如一个字段a被加上了unique index,并且表中已经存在了一条记录值为1,下面两个语句会有相同的效果:
INSERT INTO table (a,b,c) VALUES (1,2,3) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE c=c+1; UPDATE table SET c=c+1 WHERE a=1;ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE后面可以放多个字段,用英文逗号分割。使用ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE,最终如果插入了一个新行,则受影响的行数是1,如果修改了已存在的一行数据,则受影响的行数是2。
如果字段b也被加上了unique index,则该语句和下面的update语句是等效的:
UPDATE table SET c=c+1 WHERE a=1 OR b=2 LIMIT 1;如果a=1 OR b=2匹配了多行,则只有一行会被修改。通常的,在ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE语句中,我们应该避免多个唯一索引的情况。如果需要插入或更新多条数据,并且更新的字段需要根据其它字段来运算时,可以使用如下语句:
INSERT INTO table (a,b,c) VALUES (1,2,3),(4,5,6) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE c=VALUES(a)+VALUES(b);在ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE后面使用VALUES()方法,这个语句等同于下面的两个语句:
INSERT INTO table (a,b,c) VALUES (1,2,3) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE c=3;--1+2 INSERT INTO table (a,b,c) VALUES (4,5,6) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE c=9;--4+5如果一个表中包含了一个auto_increment的字段,每次insert数据后,可以通过last_insert_id()方法返回最后自动生成的值,如果通过INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE语句修改了一条数据,那么再通过last_insert_id()方法获取的值将不正确,实际测试中是多了一个数,比如向表中增加了3条数据,那么通过last_insert_id()方法得到的值是3,但是通过该语句修改了一条数据后,通过last_insert_id()方法得到的值是4。如果想解决该问题,可以通过如下语句:
INSERT INTO table (a,b,c) VALUES (1,2,3) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id), c=3;
重点是这句id=LAST_INSERT_ID(id)。

This article explores optimizing MySQL memory usage in Docker. It discusses monitoring techniques (Docker stats, Performance Schema, external tools) and configuration strategies. These include Docker memory limits, swapping, and cgroups, alongside

This article addresses MySQL's "unable to open shared library" error. The issue stems from MySQL's inability to locate necessary shared libraries (.so/.dll files). Solutions involve verifying library installation via the system's package m

The article discusses using MySQL's ALTER TABLE statement to modify tables, including adding/dropping columns, renaming tables/columns, and changing column data types.

This article compares installing MySQL on Linux directly versus using Podman containers, with/without phpMyAdmin. It details installation steps for each method, emphasizing Podman's advantages in isolation, portability, and reproducibility, but also

This article provides a comprehensive overview of SQLite, a self-contained, serverless relational database. It details SQLite's advantages (simplicity, portability, ease of use) and disadvantages (concurrency limitations, scalability challenges). C

This guide demonstrates installing and managing multiple MySQL versions on macOS using Homebrew. It emphasizes using Homebrew to isolate installations, preventing conflicts. The article details installation, starting/stopping services, and best pra

Article discusses configuring SSL/TLS encryption for MySQL, including certificate generation and verification. Main issue is using self-signed certificates' security implications.[Character count: 159]

Article discusses popular MySQL GUI tools like MySQL Workbench and phpMyAdmin, comparing their features and suitability for beginners and advanced users.[159 characters]


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

PhpStorm Mac version
The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

Safe Exam Browser
Safe Exam Browser is a secure browser environment for taking online exams securely. This software turns any computer into a secure workstation. It controls access to any utility and prevents students from using unauthorized resources.

SublimeText3 English version
Recommended: Win version, supports code prompts!

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)
