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mysql命令(数据库备份与恢复)

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:53 PM
mysqlOrderbackuprecoverdatabaseTable of contents

cd\ 直接回根目录 cd ..\..返回到上级目录的父目录(祖目录) cd A:\ 将A盘的当前目录改为根目录 cd A:\xx 将A盘的当前目录改为子目录xx下 cd ..\98 先返回父目录,再进入父目录下的98子目录 cd ..返回到父目录 cd\98 进入根目录下的98子目录 help cd 获取更多

 


cd\ 直接回根目录

 


cd ..\..返回到上级目录的父目录(祖目录)<br>
<br>
cd A:\ 将A盘的当前目录改为根目录<br>
<br>
cd A:\xx 将A盘的当前目录改为子目录xx下<br>
<br>
cd ..\98 先返回父目录,再进入父目录下的98子目录<br>
<br>
cd ..返回到父目录<br>
<br>
cd\98 进入根目录下的98子目录


help cd  获取更多信息



本地:

1.进入MySQL目录下的bin文件夹:e:回车;

e:\>cd mysql\bin  回车

2.导出数据库:mysqldump -u 用户名 -p 数据库名 > 导出的文件名

范例:
mysqldump -uroot -p abc > abc.sql
(导出数据库abc到abc.sql文件)
提示输入密码时,输入该数据库用户名的密码(如果导出单张表的话在数据库名后面输入表名即可)

如果提示locktable错误:则在mysqldump -uroot -p abc后面空一格加上--skip-lock-tables

3、会看到文件news.sql自动生成到bin文件下 

MySQL命令行导入数据库:

1,将要导入的.sql文件移至bin文件下,这样的路径比较方便
2,同上面导出的第1步
3,进入MySQL:mysql -u 用户名 -p
如我输入的命令行:mysql -u root -p   (输入同样后会让你输入MySQL的密码)
4,在MySQL-Front中新建你要建的数据库,这时是空数据库,如新建一个名为news的目标数据库
5,输入:mysql>use 目标数据库名
如我输入的命令行:mysql>use news;
6,导入文件:mysql>source 导入的文件名; 
如我输入的命令行:mysql>source news.sql;

MySQL备份和还原,都是利用mysqldump、mysql和source命令来完成的。 
1.Win32下MySQL的备份与还原 
1.1 备份 
开始菜单 | 运行 | cmd |利用“cd \Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin”命令进入bin文件夹 | 利用“mysqldump  -u 用户名 -p databasename >exportfilename”导出数据库到文件,如mysqldump -u root -p voice>voice.sql,然后输入密码即可开始导出。 
  
1.2 还原 
进入MySQL Command Line Client,输入密码,进入到“mysql>”,输入命令"show databases;",回车,看看有些什么数据库;建立你要还原的数据库,输入"create database voice;",回车;切换到刚建立的数据库,输入"use voice;",回车;导入数据,输入"source voice.sql;",回车,开始导入,再次出现"mysql>"并且没有提示错误即还原成功。 
  
2.Linux下MySQL的备份与还原 
2.1 备份 
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql (进入到MySQL库目录,根据自己的MySQL的安装情况调整目录) 
[root@localhost mysql]# mysqldump -u root -p voice>voice.sql,输入密码即可。
2.2 还原
法一:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p 回车,输入密码,进入MySQL的控制台"mysql>",同1.2还原。
法二:
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql (进入到MySQL库目录,根据自己的MySQL的安装情况调整目录) 
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -u root -p voice


 

mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename > backupfile.sql
备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式
备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式,能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库。

mysqldump -–add-drop-table -uusername -ppassword databasename > backupfile.sql
直接将MySQL数据库压缩备份

mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename | gzip > backupfile.sql.gz
备份MySQL数据库某个(些)表

mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename specific_table1 specific_table2 > backupfile.sql
同时备份多个MySQL数据库

mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword –databases databasename1 databasename2 databasename3 > multibackupfile.sql
仅仅备份数据库结构

mysqldump –no-data –databases databasename1 databasename2 databasename3 > structurebackupfile.sql
备份服务器上所有数据库

mysqldump –all-databases > allbackupfile.sql
还原MySQL数据库的命令

mysql -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename 还原压缩的MySQL数据库

gunzip 将数据库转移到新服务器

mysqldump -uusername -ppassword databasename | mysql –host=*.*.*.* -C databasename

 

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